Western University College of Pharmacy, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010 Aug;65(8):1765-70. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkq216. Epub 2010 Jun 16.
Candida non-albicans species cause an increasing proportion of invasive candidiasis (IC). Prompt initiation of effective antifungal therapy has been shown to positively impact the outcomes of IC. Caspofungin is often reserved as a second-line agent after suboptimal response to initial therapy. We determined the impact of the timing of caspofungin administration on outcomes of IC.
Medical records were reviewed on all hospitalized adults who received >or=72 h of caspofungin for IC (isolation of Candida species from blood, intra-abdominal or other sterile sites). Clinical data were extracted from medical charts and recorded. Patients were classified based on delayed initiation (DI; >3 days) versus early initiation (EI; <or=3 days) of caspofungin relative to the time the culture was obtained.
A total of 169 patients received caspofungin for IC; Candida glabrata (n = 78, 46%) was the most common cause, followed by mixed species (n = 36, 21%), Candida albicans (n = 36, 21%), Candida parapsilosis (n = 9, 6%), Candida tropicalis (n = 6, 3%), Candida krusei and other species (n = 4, 2%). Infection sites were bloodstream related (n = 119, 71%), intra-abdominal (n = 44, 26%) and other sterile sites (n = 6, 3%). DI of caspofungin was associated with a lower response rate (35/62, 56% versus 82/107, 77%; P = 0.006), longer time to achieve clinical stability (10 versus 4 days; P = 0.002) and longer length of stay after isolation of the organism (28 versus 21 days; P = 0.007), compared with EI (n = 107).
Non-albicans Candida species accounted for the majority of IC in caspofungin-treated patients. Improved outcomes were observed for patients initiated with caspofungin within 72 h of positive culture compared with those who received delayed therapy.
非白念珠菌属念珠菌引起侵袭性念珠菌病(IC)的比例不断增加。已证实及时开始有效的抗真菌治疗可对 IC 的结局产生积极影响。卡泊芬净通常在初始治疗反应不佳后作为二线药物保留。本研究旨在确定卡泊芬净给药时机对 IC 结局的影响。
对所有接受>72 小时卡泊芬净治疗 IC(从血液、腹腔内或其他无菌部位分离出念珠菌属物种)的住院成年患者的病历进行了回顾。从病历中提取临床数据并进行记录。根据从获得培养物到开始卡泊芬净治疗的时间,患者被分为延迟开始(DI;>3 天)与早期开始(EI;<或=3 天)。
共有 169 例患者因 IC 接受了卡泊芬净治疗;最常见的病原体是近平滑念珠菌(n = 78,46%),其次是混合物种(n = 36,21%)、白念珠菌(n = 36,21%)、近平滑念珠菌(n = 9,6%)、热带念珠菌(n = 6,3%)、克柔念珠菌和其他物种(n = 4,2%)。感染部位为血流相关(n = 119,71%)、腹腔内(n = 44,26%)和其他无菌部位(n = 6,3%)。与 EI 相比,卡泊芬净的 DI 与较低的反应率(35/62,56%比 82/107,77%;P = 0.006)、达到临床稳定的时间更长(10 天比 4 天;P = 0.002)以及在分离出病原体后住院时间更长(28 天比 21 天;P = 0.007)相关。
非白念珠菌属念珠菌是接受卡泊芬净治疗的 IC 患者的主要病原体。与接受延迟治疗的患者相比,在培养物阳性后 72 小时内开始卡泊芬净治疗的患者结局更好。