Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, USA.
J Adv Nurs. 2010 Aug;66(8):1852-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05234.x. Epub 2010 Jun 16.
This paper is a report of the development and initial psychometric evaluation of the Pregnant Women with HIV Attitude Scale.
Previous research has identified that attitudes toward persons with HIV/AIDS have been judgmental and could affect clinical care and outcomes. Stigma towards persons with HIV has persisted as a barrier to nursing care globally. Women are more vulnerable during pregnancy. An instrument to specifically measure obstetric care provider's attitudes toward this population is needed to target identified gaps in providing respectful care.
Existing literature and instruments were analysed and two existing measures, the Attitudes about People with HIV Scale and the Attitudes toward Women with HIV Scale, were combined to create an initial item pool to address attitudes toward HIV-positive pregnant women. The data were collected in 2003 with obstetric nurses attending a national conference in the United States of America (N = 210). Content validity was used for item pool development and principal component analysis and analysis of variance were used to determine construct validity. Reliability was analysed using Cronbach's Alpha.
The new measure demonstrated high internal consistency (alpha estimates = 0.89). Principal component analysis yielded a two-component structure that accounted for 45% of the total variance: Mothering-Choice (alpha estimates = 0.89) and Sympathy-Rights (alpha estimates = 0.72).
These data provided initial evidence of the psychometric properties of the Pregnant Women with HIV Attitude Scale. Further analysis is required of the validity of the constructs of this scale and its reliability with various obstetric care providers.
本文报告了 HIV 感染孕妇态度量表的编制和初步心理测量学评估。
既往研究表明，人们对 HIV/AIDS 患者的态度往往带有偏见，可能会影响临床护理和结局。全球范围内，HIV 感染者的污名化仍然是护理的障碍，使女性在孕期更为脆弱。因此，我们需要一种专门针对该人群的测量工具，以发现并弥补提供尊重性护理方面的差距。
分析现有文献和工具，并结合现有的两个测量工具，即艾滋病患者态度量表和 HIV 感染妇女态度量表，创建一个初始项目池，以解决对 HIV 阳性孕妇的态度问题。研究数据于 2003 年采集自参加美国全国会议的产科护士（N=210）。内容效度用于项目池的开发，主成分分析和方差分析用于确定结构效度。信度分析采用 Cronbach's Alpha。
新的测量工具表现出较高的内部一致性（alpha 估计值=0.89）。主成分分析产生了一个包含 45%总方差的两因素结构：母亲选择（alpha 估计值=0.89）和同情权利（alpha 估计值=0.72）。
这些数据为 HIV 感染孕妇态度量表的心理测量学特性提供了初步证据。需要进一步分析该量表的结构效度及其在不同产科护理提供者中的可靠性。
