National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Cell Tissue Res. 2010 Jul;341(1):13-21. doi: 10.1007/s00441-010-1000-x. Epub 2010 Jun 20.
Swine play important roles as models of human disease. A combination of genetic modification with somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) holds the promise of uncovering the pathogenesis of human diseases and then of developing therapeutic protocols. Unfortunately, the mechanism(s) of nuclear remodeling (a change in the structure of the nucleus) and reprogramming (a change in the transcriptional profile) during SCNT remains unclear. Incomplete remodeling is thought to cause lower cloning efficiency and abnormalities in cloned embryos and offspring. Here, we review the epigenetic regulatory and remodeling events that occur during preimplantation development of embryos derived from fertilization or SCNT, with a focus on DNA methylation and histone modifications. The discussion ends with a description of attempts at assisted remodeling of the donor somatic cell nucleus and the SCNT embryo.
猪在人类疾病模型中扮演着重要的角色。通过将遗传修饰与体细胞核移植（SCNT）相结合，有望揭示人类疾病的发病机制，然后开发治疗方案。不幸的是，SCNT 过程中核重塑（核结构的变化）和重编程（转录谱的变化）的机制尚不清楚。人们认为不完全的重塑会导致较低的克隆效率以及克隆胚胎和后代的异常。在这里，我们综述了胚胎受精或 SCNT 后在着床前发育过程中发生的表观遗传调控和重塑事件，重点讨论了 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰。讨论最后描述了对供体细胞核和 SCNT 胚胎进行辅助重塑的尝试。
