Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Cancer. 2010 Jul 1;116(13):3285-93. doi: 10.1002/cncr.25135.
Nonionizing radiation, such as radiofrequency field and near infrared laser, induces thermal cytotoxicity in cancer cells treated with gold nanoparticles. Quantum dots are fluorescent semiconducting nanoparticles that were hypothesized to induce similar injury after radiofrequency field irradiation.
Gold nanoparticles and 2 types of quantum dot (cadmium-selenide and indium-gallium-phosphide) conjugated to cetuximab (C225), a monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-1, demonstrated concentration-dependent heating in a radiofrequency field. The authors investigated the effect of radiofrequency field exposure after targeted nanoparticle treatment in a coculture of 2 human cancer cell lines that have differential EGFR-1 expression (a high-expressing pancreatic carcinoma, Panc-1, and a low-expressing breast carcinoma, Cama-1).
Radiofrequency revealed that Panc-1 or Cama-1 cells not containing gold nanoparticles or quantum dots had a viability of > 92%. The viability of Panc-1 cells exposed to the radiofrequency field after treatment with 50 nM Au-C225 was 39.4% +/- 8.3% without injury to bystander Cama-1 cells (viability was 93.7% +/- 1.0%; P approximately .0006). Panc-1 cells treated with targeted cadmium-selenide quantum dots were only 47.5% viable after radiofrequency field exposure (P< .0001 compared with radiofrequency only Panc-1 control cells). Targeted indium-gallium-phosphide quantum dots decreased Panc-1 viability to 58.2% +/- 3.4% after radiofrequency field exposure (P = approximately .0004 compared with Cama-1 and Panc-1 controls).
The authors selectively induced radiofrequency field cytotoxicity in Panc-1 cells without injury to bystander Cama-1 cells using EGFR-1-targeted nanoparticles, and demonstrated an interesting bifunctionality of fluorescent nanoparticles as agents for both cancer cell imaging and treatment.
非电离辐射，如射频场和近红外激光，会在经金纳米颗粒处理的癌细胞中诱导热细胞毒性。量子点是荧光半导体纳米颗粒，据推测，在射频场辐射后会引起类似的损伤。
金纳米颗粒和 2 种与西妥昔单抗（C225）偶联的量子点（硒化镉和磷化铟镓）针对表皮生长因子受体（EGFR-1）的单克隆抗体，在射频场中表现出浓度依赖性加热。作者研究了在 2 种具有不同 EGFR-1 表达（高表达的胰腺癌 Panc-1 和低表达的乳腺癌 Cama-1）的人癌细胞系共培养物中，经靶向纳米颗粒处理后再进行射频场暴露的效果。
射频显示，不含金纳米颗粒或量子点的 Panc-1 或 Cama-1 细胞的存活率>92%。在未损伤旁观者 Cama-1 细胞的情况下（存活率为 93.7% +/- 1.0%；P 约为<.0006），经 50 nM Au-C225 处理后暴露于射频场的 Panc-1 细胞的存活率为 39.4% +/- 8.3%。经靶向硒化镉量子点处理的 Panc-1 细胞在暴露于射频场后仅存活 47.5%（与仅经射频处理的 Panc-1 对照细胞相比，P<.0001）。经靶向磷化铟镓量子点处理后，暴露于射频场的 Panc-1 细胞的存活率下降至 58.2% +/- 3.4%（与 Cama-1 和 Panc-1 对照相比，P =约<.0004）。
作者使用 EGFR-1 靶向纳米颗粒选择性地诱导了 Panc-1 细胞的射频场细胞毒性，而对旁观者 Cama-1 细胞没有损伤，并展示了荧光纳米颗粒作为癌症细胞成像和治疗双重功能的有趣特性。
