Department of Psychology, P.O. Box 6161, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
J Clin Psychol. 2010 Oct;66(10):1121-30. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20713.
Comorbidity in psychopathology is a common phenomenon. However, little is known about the way in which clinicians think about comorbid cases. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) implies an additive model of concept combination, but studies of human cognition find that individuals often combine concepts in nonadditive ways. In this study, 70 clinicians listed symptoms for three disorders and their combinations. Participants produced nonadditive descriptions, termed overextensions, at significant rates. These results challenge the utility of the implicit additive model of the current DSM.
精神病理学中的合并症是一种常见现象。然而，人们对临床医生如何思考合并症病例知之甚少。《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版修订本（DSM-IV-TR；美国精神病学协会，2000）暗示了一种概念组合的加性模型，但对人类认知的研究发现，个体通常以非加性的方式组合概念。在这项研究中，70 名临床医生列出了三种疾病及其组合的症状。参与者以显著的比率产生了非加性的描述，称为过度延伸。这些结果对当前 DSM 中隐含的加性模型的实用性提出了挑战。
