Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2010 Jul;99(1):14-31. doi: 10.1037/a0019714.
Little is known about why some people experience greater temporal fluctuations of relationship perceptions over short periods of time, or how these fluctuations within individuals are associated with relational processes that can destabilize relationships. Two studies were conducted to address these questions. In Study 1, long-term dating partners completed a 14-day diary study that assessed each partner's daily partner and relationship perceptions. Following the diary phase, each couple was videotaped trying to resolve the most important unresolved problem from the diary period. As predicted, (a) individuals who trusted their partners less reported greater variability in perceptions of relationship quality across the diary period; (b) they also perceived daily relationship-based conflict as a relatively more negative experience; and (c) greater variability in relationship perceptions predicted greater self-reported distress, more negative behavior, and less positive behavior during a postdiary conflict resolution task (rated by observers). The diary results were conceptually replicated in Study 2a, in which older cohabiting couples completed a 21-day diary. These same participants also took part in a reaction-time decision-making study (Study 2b), which revealed that individuals tend to compartmentalize positive and negative features of their partners if they (individuals) experienced greater variability in relationship quality during the 21-day diary period and were involved in higher quality relationships. These findings advance researchers' understanding of trust in intimate relationships and provide some insight into how temporal fluctuations in relationship quality may undermine relationships.
目前人们对于为什么有些人在短时间内经历更大的关系感知波动，或者这些个体内部的波动如何与可能破坏关系的关系过程相关知之甚少。进行了两项研究来解决这些问题。在研究 1 中，长期约会伴侣完成了一项为期 14 天的日记研究，评估了每个伴侣的日常伴侣和关系感知。在日记阶段之后，每对夫妇都被拍摄下来，试图解决日记期间未解决的最重要问题。正如预测的那样，（a）不太信任伴侣的人报告称，在整个日记期间，对关系质量的感知变化更大；（b）他们还将日常基于关系的冲突视为相对更负面的体验；（c）关系感知的更大变化预测了在日记后解决冲突任务（由观察者评定）中自我报告的更多困扰、更多负面行为和更少积极行为。在研究 2a 中，对同居的老年夫妇进行了为期 21 天的日记研究，对日记结果进行了概念验证。这些相同的参与者还参加了一项反应时间决策研究（研究 2b），该研究表明，如果个体在 21 天的日记期间经历了更大的关系质量变化并且处于更高质量的关系中，他们往往会将伴侣的积极和消极特征分开。这些发现增进了研究人员对亲密关系中信任的理解，并为关系质量的时间波动如何可能破坏关系提供了一些见解。
