Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2010 Jul;36(4):878-91. doi: 10.1037/a0019128.
In 3 experiments, subjects named pictures with low- or high-frequency superimposed distractor words. In a 1st experiment, we replicated the finding that low-frequency words induce more interference in picture naming than high-frequency words (i.e., distractor frequency effect; Miozzo & Caramazza, 2003). According to the response exclusion hypothesis, this effect has its origin at a postlexical stage and is related to a response buffer. The account predicts that the distractor frequency effect should only be present when a response to the word enters the response buffer. This was tested by masking the distractor (Experiment 2) and by presenting it at various time points before stimulus onset (Experiment 3). Results supported the hypothesis by showing that the effect was only present when distractors were visible, and if they were presented in close proximity to the target picture. These results have implications for the models of lexical access and for the tasks that can be used to study this process.
在 3 项实验中，被试使用低频或高频叠加干扰词来命名图片。在第一个实验中，我们复制了低频词比高频词更能干扰图片命名的发现（即干扰词频率效应；Miozzo 和 Caramazza，2003）。根据反应排除假说，这种效应起源于词汇后阶段，与反应缓冲区有关。该假说预测，只有当对单词的反应进入反应缓冲区时，才会出现干扰词频率效应。通过掩蔽干扰词（实验 2）和在刺激呈现之前的不同时间点呈现干扰词（实验 3）来检验该假说。结果支持了该假说，表明只有在干扰词可见的情况下，并且如果它们与目标图片接近呈现时，才会出现该效应。这些结果对词汇通达模型以及用于研究该过程的任务具有启示意义。
