Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 5, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Mol Plant Pathol. 2005 Jul 1;6(4):379-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2005.00292.x.
SUMMARY Taxonomy: Cladosporium fulvum is an asexual fungus for which no sexual stage is currently known. Molecular data, however, support C. fulvum as a member of the Mycosphaerellaceae, clustering with other taxa having Mycosphaerella teleomorphs. C. fulvum has recently been placed in the anamorph genus Passalora as P. fulva. Its taxonomic disposition is supported by its DNA phylogeny, as well as the distinct scars on its conidial hila, which are typical of Passalora, and unlike Cladosporium s.s., which has teleomorphs that reside in Davidiella, and not Mycosphaerella. Host range and disease symptoms: The presently known sole host of C. fulvum is tomato (members of the genusLycopersicon). C. fulvum is mainly a foliar pathogen. Disease symptoms are most obvious on the abaxial side of the leaf and include patches of white mould that turn brown upon sporulation. Due to stomatal clogging, curling of leaves and wilting can occur, leading to defoliation. C. fulvum as a model pathogen: The interaction between C. fulvum and tomato is governed by a gene-for-gene relationship. A total of eight Avr and Ecp genes, and for four of these also the corresponding plant Cf genes, have been cloned. Obtaining conclusive evidence for gene-for-gene relationships is complicated by the poor availability of genetic tools for most Mycosphaerellaceae-plant interactions. Newly developed tools, including Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and RNAi, added to the genome sequence of its host tomato, which will be available within a few years, render C. fulvum attractive as a model species for plant pathogenic Mycosphaerellaceae.
http://www.sgn.cornell.edu/help/about/index.html; http://cogeme.ex.ac.uk.
概述 分类学：Cladosporium fulvum 是一种无性真菌，目前尚无有性阶段。然而，分子数据支持 Cladosporium fulvum 是 Mycosphaerellaceae 的成员，与其他具有 Mycosphaerella 有性型的分类群聚在一起。Cladosporium fulvum 最近被归入无性型属 Passalora 中，称为 P. fulva。它的分类地位得到其 DNA 系统发育的支持，以及其分生孢子梗上明显的疤痕的支持，这些疤痕是 Passalora 的典型特征，与 Cladosporium s.s. 不同，Cladosporium s.s. 的有性型位于 Davidiella 中，而不是 Mycosphaerella 中。 寄主范围和疾病症状：目前已知 Cladosporium fulvum 的唯一宿主是番茄（Lycopersicon 属）。Cladosporium fulvum 主要是叶部病原体。疾病症状在叶片的背面最为明显，包括白色霉菌斑块，在孢子形成时变成棕色。由于气孔堵塞，叶片卷曲和萎蔫可能发生，导致落叶。 Cladosporium fulvum 作为模式病原体：Cladosporium fulvum 和番茄之间的相互作用受基因对基因关系的控制。总共克隆了 8 个 Avr 和 Ecp 基因，其中 4 个基因也克隆了相应的植物 Cf 基因。由于大多数 Mycosphaerellaceae-植物相互作用的遗传工具的可用性较差，获得基因对基因关系的明确证据变得复杂。新开发的工具，包括农杆菌介导的转化和 RNAi，以及其宿主番茄的基因组序列，将在几年内可用，使 Cladosporium fulvum 成为植物病原性 Mycosphaerellaceae 的有吸引力的模式物种。 有用的网站：http://www.sgn.cornell.edu/help/about/index.html；http://cogeme.ex.ac.uk.
