Furnham A, Walsh J
Department of Psychology, University College London, England.
J Soc Psychol. 1991 Apr;131(2):187-204. doi: 10.1080/00224545.1991.9713841.
Two correlational studies using English nurses and working adults are reported that examined the relationship between the three measures of person-environment (P-E) fit as derived from Holland's (1973) theory and three dependent work-related variables. In the first study, the P-E fit measures of congruence, consistency, and differentiation were correlated with two measures of absenteeism, frustration, and various demographic variables. Contrary to predictions, two measures of absenteeism were positively correlated with congruence and consistency. In accordance with the hypothesis, however, frustration was highly negatively correlated with congruence and consistency. In the second study, consistency, but not congruence or differentiation, was significantly negatively correlated with stress, as predicted. These studies provide some support for Holland's theses, although not all hypotheses were supported, both for methodological and theoretical reasons. It is argued that P-E fit measures are useful predictors of occupational behavior in conjunction with other major determinants.
报告了两项相关性研究，研究对象为英国护士和在职成年人，其检验了源自霍兰德（1973年）理论的三种人境适配（P-E）度测量方法与三个与工作相关的因变量之间的关系。在第一项研究中，一致性、一致性和差异性的P-E适配度测量方法与旷工、挫折感的两种测量方法以及各种人口统计学变量相关。与预测相反，旷工的两种测量方法与一致性和一致性呈正相关。然而，根据假设，挫折感与一致性和一致性呈高度负相关。在第二项研究中，如预测的那样，一致性与压力呈显著负相关，而一致性或差异性则不然。这些研究为霍兰德的论点提供了一些支持，尽管由于方法和理论原因，并非所有假设都得到了支持。有人认为，P-E适配度测量方法与其他主要决定因素相结合，是职业行为的有用预测指标。
