Department of Mathematical Demography and Statistics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai, India.
AIDS Behav. 2010 Aug;14 Suppl 1(0 1):S48-60. doi: 10.1007/s10461-010-9732-x.
This paper summarizes the main results of the survey component of a mixed methods study of alcohol and sexual risk in a general population of young men 18-29 residing in low income communities in the Greater Mumbai area. The survey included demographic variables, and scales and indices measuring work related stress, social influence, exposure to alcohol in childhood, and currently, hyper masculinity, exposure to media and pornography, risk related leisure time activities and alcohol and alcohol/sex expectancies. Measures of alcohol use included frequency/amount/contextual use of six different types of alcohol, a general estimate of frequency and amount (AUDIT), and an estimate of total ml. alcohol consumed in the past 30 days, based on estimates of alcohol content in all types of alcohol consumed, by unit of consumption (glass, peg, bottle) etc. Sexual outcome measures included types and number of partners ever and in past year with and without alcohol, and a critical event with most recent partner (with or without alcohol) and culturally specific indicators of sexual health related to sexual risk taking. A cluster sampling protocol and the use of a screener produced a sample of 1239 men, 1071 thirty day drinkers and 161 nondrinkers. Logistic regression analysis (binary and multinomial) showed relationships between predictor variables and alcohol consumption and alcohol and sexual risk indicators as well as two of the sexual health indicators associated with extramarital sex. Risk behaviors are associated with higher levels of alcohol consumption in this low risk general population of married and unmarried men. Implications for intervention include: (a) reducing or eliminating home drinking, to reduce early childhood exposure; (b) including alcohol in sexual risk and HIV prevention programs; (c) improving couples (married or unmarried) communication to reduce men's search for sexual alternatives, and (d) treating garmi as an indicator of sexual risk taking rather than STIs.
本文总结了一项混合方法研究中调查部分的主要结果，该研究调查了孟买大都市区低收入社区中 18-29 岁的年轻男性群体的酒精和性风险。调查包括人口统计学变量，以及衡量工作相关压力、社会影响、儿童时期酒精暴露以及当前过度男子气概、媒体和色情制品暴露、与风险相关的休闲活动以及酒精和酒精/性行为预期的量表和指数。酒精使用的测量包括六种不同类型的酒精的频率/量/背景使用、一般频率和量估计（AUDIT），以及过去 30 天内总毫升酒精的估计，根据所有消耗的酒精类型的酒精含量估计，按单位消耗（玻璃、大头钉、瓶子）等。性结果测量包括过去一年有或没有酒精的性伴侣的类型和数量，以及与最近的伴侣（有或没有酒精）的关键事件和与性风险相关的特定文化的性健康指标。聚类抽样方案和使用筛选器产生了 1239 名男性、1071 名 30 天饮酒者和 161 名不饮酒者的样本。逻辑回归分析（二项和多项）显示了预测变量与酒精消费以及酒精和性风险指标之间的关系，以及与婚外性行为相关的两个特定文化的性健康指标。在这个低风险的已婚和未婚男性一般人群中，风险行为与更高水平的酒精消费有关。干预措施的意义包括：（a）减少或消除家庭饮酒，以减少儿童时期的酒精暴露；（b）将酒精纳入性风险和 HIV 预防计划；（c）改善夫妻（已婚或未婚）之间的沟通，以减少男性对性替代品的寻找；（d）将 garmi 视为性风险行为的指标，而不是性传播感染。
