迷迭香挥发性成分的组成和抗氧化活性：超临界流体萃取与水蒸馏法的比较。
Composition and antioxidant activity of Thymus vulgaris volatiles: comparison between supercritical fluid extraction and hydrodistillation.
机构信息
Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, IST, Lisboa, Portugal.
出版信息
J Sep Sci. 2010 Jul;33(14):2211-8. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201000192.
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of the volatile oil from Thymus vulgaris L. aerial flowering parts was performed under different conditions of pressure, temperature, mean particle size and CO(2) flow rate and the correspondent yield and composition were compared with those of the essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation (HD). Both the oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS and 52 components were identified. The main volatile components obtained were p-cymene (10.0-42.6% for SFE and 28.9-34.8% for HD), gamma-terpinene (0.8-6.9% for SFE and 5.1-7.0% for HD), linalool (2.3-5.3% for SFE and 2.8-3.1% for HD), thymol (19.5-40.8% for SFE and 35.4-41.6% for HD), and carvacrol (1.4-3.1% for SFE and 2.6-3.1% for HD). The main difference was found to be the relative percentage of thymoquinone (not found in the essential oil) and carvacryl methyl ether (1.0-1.2% for HD versus t-0.4 for SFE) which can explain the higher antioxidant activity, assessed by Rancimat test, of the SFE volatiles when compared with HD. Thymoquinone is considered a strong antioxidant compound.
超临界流体萃取（SFE）法从薰衣草地上开花部分提取挥发油，在不同的压力、温度、平均粒径和 CO₂流速条件下进行，与水蒸馏（HD）法分离的精油的产率和成分进行了比较。两种油都用 GC 和 GC-MS 进行了分析，鉴定了 52 种成分。得到的主要挥发性成分是对伞花烃（SFE 为 10.0-42.6%，HD 为 28.9-34.8%）、γ-松油烯（SFE 为 0.8-6.9%，HD 为 5.1-7.0%）、芳樟醇（SFE 为 2.3-5.3%，HD 为 2.8-3.1%）、百里酚（SFE 为 19.5-40.8%，HD 为 35.4-41.6%）和香芹酚（SFE 为 1.4-3.1%，HD 为 2.6-3.1%）。发现的主要差异是百里香醌（精油中未发现）和香芹酚甲醚（HD 为 1.0-1.2%，而 SFE 为 t-0.4%）的相对百分比，这可以解释与 HD 相比，SFE 挥发物的抗氧化活性更高，通过 Rancimat 测试评估。百里香醌被认为是一种很强的抗氧化化合物。
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