Subdivision of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Divisions of Otolaryngology & Pediatric Surgery (Departments of Surgery), The Stollery Children's Hospital and The University of Alberta Hospitals, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Laryngoscope. 2010 Aug;120(8):1662-6. doi: 10.1002/lary.21025.
To determine the prevalence of laryngomalacia among children presenting with symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).
A retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care paediatric hospital. All children presenting with SDB during a 55-month period were investigated using sleep nasopharyngoscopy (SNP). Patients who had laryngomalacia were identified. Patients who did not present primarily with SDB, or were not examined with SNP were excluded. Data for analysis was collected from a prospectively kept surgical database and medical records. This included patients' demographics, symptoms (including symptoms in infancy), diagnoses, SNP findings, overnight pulse oximetry findings, and treatment.
We identified 358 patients with documented primary diagnosis of SDB and who had undergone SNP. Fourteen of these also had a documented diagnosis of laryngomalacia, giving a prevalence rate of 3.9%. Three children were syndromic, and one had cerebral palsy in addition to SDB and laryngomalacia. Three children were obese, and three children had gastroesophageal reflux disease. Seven cases (50%) had symptoms of snoring and/or swallowing dysfunction and/or stridor in infancy. Twelve patients had adenotonsillar surgery. In eight cases symptoms resolved completely with adenotonsillar surgery only. In total, six patients had a supraglottoplasty. There were three failures to supraglottoplasty.
The prevalence of laryngomalacia within children presenting with SDB is 3.9%. Our findings support full evaluation of the airway to identify the site of pathology mediating SDB symptoms.
确定以睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）症状就诊的儿童中出现先天性喉软化的患病率。
在一家三级儿科医院进行了一项回顾性观察性研究。在 55 个月的时间内，对所有以 SDB 就诊的儿童进行睡眠鼻咽镜检查（SNP）。确定患有先天性喉软化的患者。排除未主要以 SDB 就诊或未接受 SNP 检查的患者。分析数据来自一个前瞻性保留的手术数据库和病历。这包括患者的人口统计学资料、症状（包括婴儿期的症状）、诊断、SNP 结果、夜间脉搏血氧饱和度结果和治疗。
我们确定了 358 例有记录的 SDB 主要诊断并接受了 SNP 检查的患者。其中 14 例也有先天性喉软化的记录诊断，患病率为 3.9%。3 例为综合征，1 例除 SDB 和先天性喉软化外还有脑瘫。3 例肥胖，3 例患有胃食管反流病。7 例（50%）在婴儿期有打鼾和/或吞咽功能障碍和/或喘鸣症状。12 例患者接受了腺样体切除术。在 8 例中，仅腺样体切除术即可完全缓解症状。总共有 6 例患者接受了会厌成形术。有 3 例会厌成形术失败。
以 SDB 就诊的儿童中出现先天性喉软化的患病率为 3.9%。我们的发现支持对气道进行全面评估，以确定介导 SDB 症状的病理部位。
