Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, and Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Nepal.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2020 Oct 15;58(230):712-716. doi: 10.31729/jnma.5244.
Laryngomalacia is one of the most common causes of stridor in young children. It can be a serious concern to both parents and caregivers. The main objective of this study is to find the prevalence of laryngomalacia among young children presenting with stridor in a tertiary care hospital in central Nepal.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out form 1st December 2017 to 1st May 2020 in children less than two years of age in a tertiary care hospital. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of the hospital (reference number: 2020/23). Convenient sampling was done. Detailed demography, clinical examination, and video laryngoscopy findings were evaluated to find the prevalence of laryngomalacia among all children with stridor. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Out of 430 participants who presented with stridor, the laryngomalacia was found in 234 (66%) (58.7-74.07) cases at a 95% confidence interval. The male: female ratio was 1.7:1. Most children, 192 (67.6%), presented with a milder form of laryngomalacia. The most common type was a mixed type of laryngomalacia in 159 (56%). Sleep-disordered breathing was seen in 113 (39.79%) of children diagnosed with laryngomalacia.
Our study concluded that laryngomalacia was the most common cause of stridor in children less than two years of age. However, in most cases, the problem is not serious and a regular follow-up with weight monitoring is warranted.
先天性喉喘鸣是导致幼儿喘鸣的最常见原因之一。它会令患儿的父母和照顾者都感到担忧。本研究的主要目的是在尼泊尔中部的一家三级保健医院中，寻找患有喘鸣的幼儿中先天性喉喘鸣的患病率。
本研究为 2017 年 12 月 1 日至 2020 年 5 月 1 日期间在一家三级保健医院中年龄小于 2 岁的儿童进行的描述性横断面研究。该研究已获得医院机构审查委员会的伦理批准（编号：2020/23）。采用便利抽样法。详细的人口统计学、临床检查和视频喉镜检查结果进行评估，以确定所有喘鸣患儿中先天性喉喘鸣的患病率。采用社会科学统计软件包 20 版进行数据分析。点估计值和 95%置信区间以及二进制数据的频率和比例均进行了计算。
在 430 例有喘鸣症状的患儿中，234 例（66%）（58.7-74.07）被确诊为先天性喉喘鸣。男女比例为 1.7:1。大多数患儿（192 例，67.6%）表现为更轻微的先天性喉喘鸣。最常见的类型为混合性先天性喉喘鸣，有 159 例（56%）。113 例（39.79%）诊断为先天性喉喘鸣的患儿存在睡眠呼吸紊乱。
本研究表明，先天性喉喘鸣是 2 岁以下儿童喘鸣的最常见原因。然而，在大多数情况下，问题并不严重，需要定期随访并监测体重。
