Department of History, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Public Health Rep. 2010 Apr;125 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):123-33. doi: 10.1177/00333549101250S315.
The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 coincided with a major wave of immigration to the United States. More than 23.5 million newcomers arrived between 1880 and the 1920s, mostly from Southern and Eastern Europe, Asia, Canada, and Mexico. During earlier epidemics, the foreign-born were often stigmatized as disease carriers whose very presence endangered their hosts. Because this influenza struck individuals of all groups and classes throughout the country, no single immigrant group was blamed, although there were many local cases of medicalized prejudice. The foreign-born needed information and assistance in coping with influenza. Among the two largest immigrant groups, Southern Italians and Eastern European Jews, immigrant physicians, community spokespeople, newspapers, and religious and fraternal groups shouldered the burden. They disseminated public health information to their respective communities in culturally sensitive manners and in the languages the newcomers understood, offering crucial services to immigrants and American public health officials.
1918-1919 年的流感大流行恰逢美国的一波大规模移民潮。1880 年至 20 世纪 20 年代，超过 2350 万的新移民抵达美国，他们主要来自南欧和东欧、亚洲、加拿大和墨西哥。在早期的流行病中，外来移民常常被污名化为疾病携带者，他们的存在危及宿主。由于这种流感袭击了全国各地所有群体和阶层的个人，因此没有一个移民群体受到指责，尽管有许多地方存在医学化的偏见。外国出生的人需要有关应对流感的信息和援助。在两个最大的移民群体中，南意大利人和东欧犹太人，移民医生、社区发言人、报纸以及宗教和兄弟会团体承担了这一重任。他们以文化敏感的方式并使用新移民所理解的语言向各自的社区传播公共卫生信息，为移民和美国公共卫生官员提供了至关重要的服务。
