Department of Psychology, Utrecht University,P.O. Box 80.140, 3584 CS Utrecht, Netherlands.
Child Dev. 2010 May-Jun;81(3):811-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01435.x.
This experiment tested whether peer approval and disapproval experiences can cause immediate change in children's state self-esteem. Children's narcissistic traits and evaluator perceived popularity were examined as potential moderators. A total of 333 preadolescents (M = 10.8 years) completed personal profiles on the Internet that were ostensibly judged by a jury consisting of popular and unpopular peers. Participants randomly received negative, neutral, or positive feedback from the jury. Next, they could examine the feedback that each individual judge gave them. As expected, peer disapproval decreased self-esteem, especially in children high in narcissism. In contrast, peer approval increased self-esteem. Moreover, disapproved children's self-esteem recovery was dependent on the extent to which they subsequently viewed positive feedback from popular judges. These findings support sociometer theory.
本实验测试了同伴的认可和不认可经历是否会导致儿童的状态自尊立即发生变化。研究考察了儿童的自恋特质和评价者感知的受欢迎程度是否是潜在的调节因素。共有 333 名青春期前儿童（平均年龄 10.8 岁）在互联网上完成个人资料，这些资料表面上是由受欢迎和不受欢迎的同伴组成的陪审团进行评判。参与者随机收到陪审团的负面、中性或正面反馈。接下来，他们可以检查每个评委给他们的反馈。正如预期的那样，同伴的不认可会降低自尊，尤其是在自恋程度较高的儿童中。相比之下，同伴的认可会提高自尊。此外，被不认可的儿童的自尊恢复取决于他们随后从受欢迎的评委那里看到积极反馈的程度。这些发现支持了社会计量器理论。
