Anthony Danu B, Holmes John G, Wood Joanne V
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 Jun;92(6):1024-39. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1024.
The authors draw on sociometer theory to propose that self-esteem is attuned to traits that garner others' acceptance, and the traits that garner acceptance depend on one's social role. Attunement of self-esteem refers to the linkage, or connection, between self-esteem and specific traits, which may be observed most clearly in the association between self-esteem and specific self-evaluations. In most roles, appearance and popularity determine acceptance, so self-esteem is most attuned to those traits. At the same time, interdependent social roles emphasize the value of communal qualities, so occupants of those roles have self-esteem that is more attuned to communal qualities than is the general norm. To avoid the biases of people's personal theories, the authors assessed attunement of self-esteem to particular traits indirectly via the correlation between self-esteem and self-ratings, cognitive accessibility measures, and an experiment involving social decision making. As hypothesized, self-esteem was generally more attuned to appearances than to communal qualities, but interdependent social roles predicted heightened attunement of self-esteem to qualities like kindness and understanding.
作者借鉴社会计量理论提出，自尊与能获得他人认可的特质相契合，而能获得认可的特质取决于一个人的社会角色。自尊的契合是指自尊与特定特质之间的联系或关联，这在自尊与特定自我评价之间的关联中可能最为明显。在大多数角色中，外表和受欢迎程度决定认可，因此自尊最与这些特质相契合。同时，相互依存的社会角色强调集体品质的价值，因此担任这些角色的人其自尊比一般标准更与集体品质相契合。为避免人们个人理论的偏差，作者通过自尊与自我评级之间的相关性、认知可及性测量以及一项涉及社会决策的实验，间接评估了自尊与特定特质的契合度。正如所假设的那样，自尊通常更与外表相契合，而非与集体品质相契合，但相互依存的社会角色预示着自尊对善良和理解等品质的契合度会更高。
