Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, Box P089, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
J Pers. 2010 Jun;78(3):1071-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00643.x.
The revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (rRST) of personality (Gray & McNaughton, 2000) maintains that trait individual differences in the operation of defensive systems relate to facets of human personality, most notably anxiety and fear. We investigated this theory in 2 separate studies (total N=270) using a threat scenario research strategy (Blanchard, Hynd, Minke, Minemoto, & Blanchard, 2001). Consistent with rRST, results showed that individuals with high fear questionnaire scores tended to select defensive responses entailing orientation away from threat (e.g., run away) and that fear-prone individuals also tended to perceive threats as magnified. The extent of this threat magnification mediated the positive association observed between fear and orientation away from threat. Overall, results suggest that interindividual variance in defensive reactions is associated with a variety of existing personality constructs but that further research is required to determine the precise relationship between personality and defensive reactions.
修订后的强化敏感性理论（rRST）认为，防御系统运作中的特质个体差异与人类个性的各个方面有关，尤其是焦虑和恐惧。我们使用威胁情景研究策略（Blanchard、Hynd、Minke、Minemoto 和 Blanchard，2001）在 2 项独立研究中（总 N=270）对该理论进行了研究。与 rRST 一致的结果表明，恐惧问卷得分高的个体往往选择涉及远离威胁的防御反应（例如，逃跑），而恐惧倾向的个体也往往将威胁视为放大。这种威胁放大的程度中介了恐惧与远离威胁的积极关联。总的来说，结果表明，防御反应的个体间差异与各种现有的人格结构有关，但需要进一步研究来确定人格与防御反应之间的确切关系。
