Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Missouri 64108.
Addict Biol. 1999 Apr;4(2):141-50. doi: 10.1080/13556219971641.
The striatum, a major central nervous system structure modulating movement, is enriched with glutamatergic and dopaminergic innervation. By altering activities of both glutamatergic and dopaminergic transmissions the psychostimulants, amphetamine and cocaine, induce behavioral changes in experimental animals. Activation of the two systems is also essential in the mediation of drug-stimulated gene expression in striatal neurons, which is considered to be an important component of the neuroplasticity underlying long-term profiles of stimulant use. Interactions between the two systems occur at multiple levels that determine the final outcome of drug stimulation. Emerging studies on the detailed transsynaptic and intracellular mechanisms of glutamatedopamine interactions in response to stimulant exposure are providing cellular and molecular insight into the pathophysiology of stimulant abuse.
纹状体是调节运动的主要中枢神经系统结构，富含谷氨酸能和多巴胺能神经支配。通过改变谷氨酸能和多巴胺能传递的活性，苯丙胺和可卡因等精神兴奋剂会在实验动物中引起行为变化。这两个系统的激活对于纹状体神经元中药物刺激基因表达的介导也是至关重要的，这被认为是长期使用兴奋剂的神经可塑性的重要组成部分。这两个系统之间的相互作用发生在多个层面上，决定了药物刺激的最终结果。关于谷氨酸-多巴胺相互作用在兴奋剂暴露下的详细突触间和细胞内机制的新兴研究，为兴奋剂滥用的病理生理学提供了细胞和分子方面的认识。
