School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2010 Aug;80(8):852-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.05.055. Epub 2010 Jun 30.
A revegetation program was established at an extreme acidic and metal-toxic pyrite/copper mine wasteland in Guangdong Province, PR China using a combination of four native grass species and one non-native woody species. It was continued and monitored for 2 y. The emphasis was on acidification, metal mobility and nutrient accumulation in the soil-plant system. Our results showed the following: (i) the acid-forming potential of the mine soils decreased steadily with time, which might be due to plant root-induced changes inhibiting the oxidization of sulphide minerals; (ii) heavy metal extractability (diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid-extractable Pb and Zn) in the soils increased with time despite an increase in soil pH, which might be attributed to soil disturbance and plant rhizospheric processes, as well as a consequence of the enhanced metal accumulation in plants over time; and (iii) the vegetation cover increased rapidly with time, and plant development accelerated the accumulation of major nutrients (organic matter, total and ammonium-N, and available P and K). The 2-y field experiment demonstrates that direct seeding/planting of native plant species in combination with lime and manure amelioration is a practical approach to the initial establishment of a self-sustaining vegetation cover on this metalliferous and sulphide-bearing mine wasteland. However, heavy metal accumulation in the soil-plant system should be of great concern, and long-term monitoring of ecological risk must be an integral part of such a restoration scheme.
在中国广东省，一个极端酸性和重金属毒性的黄铁矿/铜矿废矿区建立了一个植被恢复计划，使用了四种本地草种和一种非本地木本植物。该计划已经持续监测了 2 年。重点是研究土壤-植物系统中的酸化、金属迁移和养分积累。我们的研究结果表明：（i）随着时间的推移，矿山土壤的酸化潜力稳步下降，这可能是由于植物根系诱导的变化抑制了硫化物矿物的氧化；（ii）尽管土壤 pH 值升高，但土壤中重金属的可提取性（二乙三胺五乙酸可提取的 Pb 和 Zn）随着时间的推移而增加，这可能归因于土壤扰动和植物根际过程，以及随着时间的推移植物对重金属的积累增加；（iii）植被覆盖率随时间迅速增加，植物的生长加速了主要养分（有机质、全氮和铵态氮以及有效磷和钾）的积累。这项为期 2 年的野外试验表明，直接播种/种植本地植物物种，结合石灰和有机肥改良，是在这种富含金属和硫化物的矿山废地上建立可持续植被覆盖的实用方法。然而，土壤-植物系统中重金属的积累应该引起高度关注，长期的生态风险监测必须是这种恢复计划的一个组成部分。
