Monniaux D, Rico C, Larroque H, Dalbiès-Tran R, Médigue C, Clément F, Fabre S
Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements, UMR 6175 Inra-CNRS-université de Tours-Haras Nationaux, centre Inra de Tours, Nouzilly, France.
Gynecol Obstet Fertil. 2010 Jul-Aug;38(7-8):465-70. doi: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2010.05.009. Epub 2010 Jun 26.
The strong between-animal variability in the number of ovulations and embryos produced after ovarian stimulation by gonadotropins is a major limit to the development of embryo biotechnologies in cattle. In reproductive medicine, anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) is now widely used as an endocrine marker of the ovarian follicular reserve. In the cow, as in the woman, AMH is secreted by the granulosa cells of growing follicles. We have shown recently that in the cow, AMH is a very good endocrine marker of the population of small antral follicles that constitute the direct target of ovarian stimulatory treatments. AMH concentration measured in plasma before treatment varies between animals and is positively correlated to the number of ovulations and transferable embryos produced after an ovarian stimulatory treatment. Interestingly, AMH concentrations can remain stable over several months for each animal. Moreover, the number of embryos produced after ovarian stimulation is highly repeatable and has a relatively good heritability. From these observations, we propose the determination of AMH concentration in the plasma of a potential donor cow as a simple predictive method to evaluate both its level of ovarian activity and its capacity to produce high or low numbers of embryos. Optimal conditions for implementing this diagnostic test in cattle remain to be defined considering the age, the breed, the physiological status and the environmental factors related to breeding conditions for each animal.
促性腺激素刺激卵巢后，不同动物在排卵数和胚胎产生数方面存在很大差异，这是牛胚胎生物技术发展的一个主要限制因素。在生殖医学中，抗苗勒管激素（AMH）现在被广泛用作卵巢卵泡储备的内分泌标志物。在母牛中，与女性一样，AMH由生长卵泡的颗粒细胞分泌。我们最近发现，在母牛中，AMH是构成卵巢刺激治疗直接靶点的小窦卵泡群体的一个非常好的内分泌标志物。治疗前血浆中测得的AMH浓度因动物而异，并且与卵巢刺激治疗后产生的排卵数和可移植胚胎数呈正相关。有趣的是，每只动物的AMH浓度在几个月内可以保持稳定。此外，卵巢刺激后产生的胚胎数具有高度重复性，并且具有相对较高的遗传力。基于这些观察结果，我们建议测定潜在供体母牛血浆中的AMH浓度，作为一种简单的预测方法，以评估其卵巢活动水平以及产生高或低数量胚胎的能力。考虑到每只动物的年龄、品种、生理状态以及与繁殖条件相关的环境因素，在牛中实施这种诊断测试的最佳条件仍有待确定。
