Conjugate ecopolis planning: balancing ecoservice and human well-being in Beijing.

On the basis of the ancient Chinese human ecological principles, conjugate ecological planning is a kind of social-economic-natural complex ecosystem planning to balance and/or compromise the relationship between environmental and economic development. Eight conjugate planning issues were investigated. It was used in the ecological planning research for Beijing Master Plan revision. The results of East Beijing land-use scenario were shown and ecoservice-based land management strategies were proposed. The executive summary of conjugate ecological planning of Beijing urban ecosystem was introduced in the end.