Preclinical Parkinson's Research Program, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1223 Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53715, USA.
Cell Transplant. 2010;19(12):1587-97. doi: 10.3727/096368910X514323. Epub 2010 Jun 29.
During in vivo intracerebral infusions, the ability to perform accurate targeting towards a 3D-specific point allows control of the anatomical variable and identification of the effects of variations in other factors. Intraoperative MRI navigation systems are currently being used in the clinic, yet their use in nonhuman primates and MRI monitoring of intracerebral infusions has not been reported. In this study rhesus monkeys were placed in a MRI-compatible stereotaxic frame. T1 MRIs in the three planes were obtained in a 3.0T GE scanner to identify the target and plan the trajectory to ventral postcommisural putamen. A craniotomy was performed under sterile surgical conditions at the trajectory entry point. A modified MRI-compatible trajectory guide base (Medtronic Inc.) was secured above the cranial opening and the alignment stem applied. Scans were taken to define the position of the alignment stem. When the projection of the catheter in the three planes matched the desired trajectory to the target, the base was locked in position. A catheter replaced the alignment stem and was slowly introduced to the final target structure. Additional scans were performed to confirm trajectory and during the infusion of a solution of gadoteridol (ProHance, Bracco Diagnostics; 2 mM/L) and bromophenol blue (0.16 mg/ml) in saline. Monitoring of the pressure in the infusion lines was performed using pressure monitoring and infusion pump controller system (Engineering Resources Group Inc.) in combination with a MRI-compatible infusion pump (Harvard). MRI during infusion confirmed successful targeting and matched postmortem visualization of bromophenol blue. Assessment of the accuracy of the targeting revealed an overall 3D mean ± SD distance error of 1.2 ± 0.6 mm and angular distance error of 0.9 ± 0.5 mm. Our results in nonhuman primates confirm the accuracy of intraoperative MRI intracerebral navigation combined with an adaptable, pivot point-based targeting system and validates its use for preclinical intracerebral procedures.
在体内脑内输注过程中，能够准确地靶向 3D 特定点，可以控制解剖变量并识别其他因素变化的影响。术中磁共振导航系统目前正在临床中使用，但尚未有关于在非人类灵长类动物中使用和磁共振监测脑内输注的报道。在这项研究中，恒河猴被放置在磁共振兼容的立体定向框架中。在 3.0TGE 扫描仪中获得三个平面的 T1 MRI，以确定目标并规划到腹后连合纹状体的轨迹。在无菌手术条件下在轨迹进入点进行颅骨切开术。在颅开口上方固定一个修改后的磁共振兼容的轨迹引导底座（美敦力公司），并应用对准杆。扫描以定义对准杆的位置。当导管在三个平面中的投影与目标的期望轨迹匹配时，底座锁定在位。导管代替对准杆，并缓慢引入最终目标结构。进行额外的扫描以确认轨迹，并在注射钆喷酸葡胺（ProHance，BraccoDiagnostics;2mM/L）和溴酚蓝（0.16mg/ml）生理盐水溶液的过程中进行。使用压力监测和输液泵控制器系统（工程资源集团公司）与磁共振兼容的输液泵（哈佛）组合监测输液线中的压力。输注过程中的磁共振成像证实了靶向的成功，并与死后溴酚蓝的可视化相匹配。靶向准确性评估显示，总体 3D 平均±SD 距离误差为 1.2±0.6mm，角度距离误差为 0.9±0.5mm。我们在非人类灵长类动物中的结果证实了术中磁共振脑内导航与可适应、基于枢轴点的靶向系统的准确性，并验证了其在临床前脑内手术中的应用。
