Berencsi Gy, Kapusinszky Beatrix, Rigó Zita, Szomor Katalin
Division of Virology, National Center for Epidemiology, Budapest, Hungary.
Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. 2010 Jun;57(2):73-86. doi: 10.1556/AMicr.57.2010.2.1.
Viral interference was discovered about 60 years ago. Molecular epidemiology revealed that this phenomenon possesses important biological implications, it can reduce the epidemic spread of certain viruses from time to time (influenza and enteroviruses) and the efficiency of live vaccination can be impaired, too. Phenomena observed during the last 80 years in Hungary are analyzed. It is suggested to concentrate the distribution of MMR vaccines to seasons of limited influenza and enterovirus circulation. Interference seems to impair the progress of wild poliovirus eradication in the endemic tropical countries. It is recommended to enhance enterovirus surveillance in the region of European countries, since the exchange of the oral poliovirus vaccine to the enhanced inactivated polio vaccine might result in enhanced circulation of non-polio enteroviruses leading to the increase in the number of type I (juvenile) diabetes patients.
病毒干扰现象大约在60年前被发现。分子流行病学研究表明，这一现象具有重要的生物学意义，它有时会降低某些病毒（流感病毒和肠道病毒）的流行传播，同时也会削弱活疫苗的接种效果。本文分析了匈牙利过去80年中观察到的相关现象。建议将麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹（MMR）疫苗的接种集中在流感和肠道病毒传播受限的季节。在热带流行国家，干扰现象似乎会阻碍野生脊髓灰质炎病毒的根除进程。鉴于将口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗更换为强化灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗可能会导致非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒的传播增加，进而导致I型（青少年）糖尿病患者数量上升，因此建议加强欧洲国家地区的肠道病毒监测。
