美国的教育程度与成人死亡风险
Educational degrees and adult mortality risk in the United States.
作者信息
Rogers Richard G, Everett Bethany G, Zajacova Anna, Hummer Robert A
机构信息
Population Program and Department of Sociology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0484, USA.
出版信息
Biodemography Soc Biol. 2010;56(1):80-99. doi: 10.1080/19485561003727372.
Abstract
We present the first published estimates of U.S. adult mortality risk by detailed educational degree, including advanced postsecondary degrees. We use the 1997-2002 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Linked Mortality Files and Cox proportional hazards models to reveal wide graded differences in mortality by educational degree. Compared to adults who have a professional degree, those with an MA are 5 percent, those with a BA are 26 percent, those with an AA are 44 percent, those with some college are 65 percent, high school graduates are 80 percent, and those with a GED or 12 or fewer years of schooling are at least 95 percent more likely to die during the followup period, net of sociodemographic controls. These differentials vary by gender and cohort. Advanced educational degrees are associated not only with increased workforce skill level but with a reduced risk of death.
摘要
我们给出了按详细教育程度（包括高等专上学位）划分的美国成年人死亡风险的首次公开估计。我们使用1997 - 2002年全国健康访谈调查（NHIS）关联死亡率文件和Cox比例风险模型，以揭示按教育程度划分的死亡率存在广泛的分级差异。与拥有专业学位的成年人相比，拥有文学硕士学位的人死亡风险高5%，拥有文学学士学位的人高26%，拥有准学士学位的人高44%，上过一些大学的人高65%，高中毕业生高80%，拥有普通教育发展证书（GED）或受教育年限为12年或更少的人在随访期间死亡可能性至少高95%，这是在扣除社会人口统计学控制因素之后得出的结果。这些差异因性别和队列而异。高等教育学位不仅与劳动力技能水平提高相关，还与死亡风险降低相关。
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