Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Appetite. 2011 Feb;56(1):128-34. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2010.12.005. Epub 2010 Dec 10.
In view of a dramatic increase in the incidence of obesity, the present study examined the appetite effects of a functional fiber as a potential dietary intervention. Fiber may increase satiety. Satiety effects also may be linked to colonic fermentation. Short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) are fermentable fibers that can be added to foods to influence these actions. The primary objective of this study was to determine if scFOS affects satiety and hunger and has an additive effect on food intake. Using a double-blind crossover design, 20 healthy subjects were assigned to consume two separate doses of 0 g, 5 g, or 8 g of scFOS. The first dose was mixed into a hot cocoa beverage and served with a breakfast meal of a bagel and cream cheese. A beverage was used in the test meal due to the ease with which scFOS can be added to this medium. Satiety was assessed with visual analogue scales (VASs) at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 min. Ad libitum food intake was measured at a lunch meal provided at the test site at 240 min. Subjects then recorded their food intake over the remainder of the 24-h study day. The second dose of scFOS was consumed in the form of 3 solid, chocolate-flavored chews (51-67 total kcal) without additional food or drink, 2h prior to the subject's dinner meal. Breath hydrogen measures were collected prior to the breakfast test meal (0 min) and the ad libitum lunch (240 min). Gastrointestinal tolerance was evaluated over the course of the 24-h study day using VAS. All treatments were well tolerated. No differences in subjective satiety over the morning, or food intake at lunch, were found. Over the remainder of the day, the high dose of scFOS reduced food intake in women, but increased food intake in men, suggesting a gender difference in the longer-term response. Breath hydrogen, used as a marker of fermentation, increased in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that scFOS undergoes fermentation within 240 min; however, acceptable amounts of scFOS did not enhance acute satiety or hunger.
鉴于肥胖发病率的急剧上升，本研究探讨了一种功能性纤维作为潜在饮食干预措施对食欲的影响。纤维可以增加饱腹感。饱腹感的影响也可能与结肠发酵有关。短链果聚糖（scFOS）是可发酵纤维，可以添加到食物中以影响这些作用。本研究的主要目的是确定 scFOS 是否影响饱腹感和饥饿感，并对食物摄入有附加作用。采用双盲交叉设计，将 20 名健康受试者分为三组，分别摄入 0 g、5 g 或 8 g 的 scFOS。第一剂与热可可饮料混合，并与百吉饼和奶油芝士早餐一起食用。由于 scFOS 很容易添加到这种介质中，因此在测试餐中使用了饮料。在 0、15、30、45、60、90、120、180 和 240 分钟时，使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估饱腹感。在 240 分钟时，在测试地点提供午餐，测量随意食物摄入量。然后，受试者记录他们在 24 小时研究日剩余时间内的食物摄入量。第二剂 scFOS 以 3 个固体、巧克力味咀嚼片（总热量 51-67 千卡）的形式摄入，无需额外的食物或饮料，在受试者晚餐前 2 小时。在早餐测试餐（0 分钟）和随意午餐（240 分钟）之前收集呼吸氢测量值。在 24 小时研究日期间，使用 VAS 评估胃肠道耐受性。所有治疗均耐受良好。在上午或午餐时，没有发现主观饱腹感或食物摄入量的差异。在一天的剩余时间里，scFOS 的高剂量减少了女性的食物摄入量，但增加了男性的食物摄入量，这表明在更长的时间内，性别差异会影响反应。呼吸氢作为发酵的标志物，呈剂量依赖性增加。这些结果表明，scFOS 在 240 分钟内发酵；然而，可接受量的 scFOS 并没有增强急性饱腹感或饥饿感。
