中国 HIV 阳性患者中丙型肝炎病毒和乙型肝炎病毒感染的流行情况。

Prevalence of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus infections in HIV-positive Chinese patients.

机构信息

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

出版信息

Epidemiol Infect. 2011 Mar;139(3):354-60. doi: 10.1017/S0950268810001597. Epub 2010 Jul 2.

DOI:10.1017/S0950268810001597

PMID:20598209

Abstract

To evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and/or hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in HIV-infected patients in China, an epidemiological serosurvey was conducted from May 2007 to September 2008 using a random cluster sampling design of infectious disease hospitals in seven high HIV-prevalent provinces (municipalities). Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to study the determinants of HIV and HBV and/or HCV co-infection. The overall prevalence was 41·83% (95% CI 40·36-43·30) for anti-HCV and 12·49% (95% CI 11·50-13·48) for HBsAg, respectively. The prevalence of anti-HCV and HBsAg varied according to the route of HIV transmission. Compared to those with sexually acquired HIV infection, intravenous drug users and blood donors/recipients had the greatest risk of carrying anti-HCV. Needle sharing and unprotected sexual exposures are important modes of transmission for HBV. Further interventions including health education and harm reduction strategies should be implemented in high-risk populations.

摘要

为了评估中国 HIV 感染者中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和/或乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的流行情况，采用传染病医院的随机聚类抽样设计，于 2007 年 5 月至 2008 年 9 月对 7 个 HIV 高发省份（直辖市）进行了一项流行病学血清学调查。采用单因素分析和 logistic 回归分析方法研究了 HIV 和 HBV 和/或 HCV 合并感染的决定因素。抗-HCV 的总流行率为 41.83%（95%CI40.36-43.30），HBsAg 的流行率为 12.49%（95%CI11.50-13.48）。抗-HCV 和 HBsAg 的流行率因 HIV 传播途径而异。与性传播感染 HIV 的人相比，静脉吸毒者和献血者/受血者携带抗-HCV 的风险最大。共用注射器和无保护的性接触是 HBV 的重要传播方式。应在高危人群中实施包括健康教育和减少伤害策略在内的进一步干预措施。