Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2010 Nov;42(11):1753-6. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.06.021. Epub 2010 Jul 3.
Microglial activation is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinsons' disease, prion disease, multiple sclerosis, and ischemic and traumatic brain injury. The molecular mechanism of microglial activation is largely unknown. The expression of the purinergic, P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), is known to be enhanced in many brain pathologies where presence of activated microglia is a concurrent feature. This review focuses on the links between P2X7R expression and microglial activation and proliferation. The P2X7R is identified as a key player in the process of microgliosis, where by driving microglial activation, it can potentially lead to a deleterious cycle of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
小胶质细胞激活与阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病、朊病毒病、多发性硬化症、缺血性和创伤性脑损伤等疾病的发病机制和进展有关。小胶质细胞激活的分子机制在很大程度上尚不清楚。已知嘌呤能 P2X7 受体 (P2X7R) 的表达在许多脑病理学中增强，其中存在激活的小胶质细胞是一个并发特征。本综述重点关注 P2X7R 表达与小胶质细胞激活和增殖之间的联系。P2X7R 被确定为小胶质细胞增生过程中的关键参与者，通过驱动小胶质细胞激活，它可能导致神经炎症和神经退行性变的有害循环。
