NIH CounterACT Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20892-9527, USA.
Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2010 Jul;7(4):254-6. doi: 10.1513/pats.201001-003SM.
The National Institutes of Health has developed a comprehensive research program that includes research centers of excellence, individual research projects, small business projects, contracts, and interagency agreements to conduct basic, translational, and clinical research aimed at the discovery and/or identification of better medical countermeasures against chemical threat agents. Chemical threats include chemical warfare agents, toxic industrial and agricultural chemicals, and toxins and other chemicals that could be used intentionally as an act of terror or by large-scale accidents or natural disasters. The overarching goal of this research program is to enhance our medical response capabilities during an emergency. The program is named Countermeasures Against Chemical Threats (CounterACT). It supports translational research, applying ideas, insights, and discoveries generated through basic scientific inquiry to the treatment or prevention of mortality and morbidity caused by chemical threat agents. The categories of research supported under this program include creation and development of screening assays and animal models for therapy development, identification of candidate therapeutics, obtaining preliminary proof-of-principle data on the efficacy of candidate therapeutics, advanced efficacy and preclinical safety studies with appropriate animal models using Good Laboratory Practices (GLP), and clinical studies, including clinical trials with new drugs. Special consideration is given to research relevant to people who are particularly vulnerable, including the young, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing medical conditions.
美国国立卫生研究院制定了一个综合研究计划，包括卓越研究中心、个人研究项目、小企业项目、合同和机构间协议，以开展旨在发现和/或鉴定针对化学威胁剂更好的医疗对策的基础研究、转化研究和临床研究。化学威胁包括化学战剂、有毒的工业和农业化学品以及可能被有意用作恐怖行为或大规模事故或自然灾害的毒素和其他化学品。该研究计划的总体目标是在紧急情况下增强我们的医疗应对能力。该计划名为“应对化学威胁”（CounterACT）。它支持转化研究，即将通过基础科学探究产生的想法、见解和发现应用于治疗或预防化学威胁剂引起的死亡率和发病率。该计划支持的研究类别包括：用于治疗开发的筛选测定和动物模型的创建和开发、候选疗法的鉴定、候选疗法疗效的初步原理验证数据的获得、使用良好实验室规范 (GLP) 进行适当动物模型的先进疗效和临床前安全性研究，以及包括新药临床试验在内的临床研究。特别关注与特别脆弱人群相关的研究，包括儿童、老年人和患有预先存在的医疗条件的个体。
