Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2010 Sep;16(5):784-94. doi: 10.1017/S1355617710000585. Epub 2010 Jul 8.
Although supportive parenting has been shown to have positive effects on development, the neurobiological basis of supportive parenting has not been investigated. Thirty-three adolescents were systemically selected from a longitudinal study on child development based on maternal responsiveness during childhood, a measure of supportive parenting, and whether they were born term or preterm. We analyzed the effect of preterm birth on hemispheric and regional (frontal, temporal, parietal) cortical thickness and surface area using mixed-model analysis while also considering the effect of brain hemisphere (left vs. right). We then determined whether these factors were moderated by maternal responsiveness during childhood. Preterm birth was associated with regional and hemispheric differences in cortical thickness and surface area. Maternal responsiveness during childhood moderated hemispheric cortical thickness. Adolescence with mothers that were inconsistently responsive during childhood demonstrated greater overall cortical thickness and greater asymmetry in cortical thickness during adolescence as compared to adolescence with mothers who were consistently responsive or unresponsive during childhood. Maternal responsiveness and preterm birth did not interact. These data suggest that changes in brain morphology associated with preterm birth continue into adolescence and support the notion that the style of maternal-child interactions during childhood influence brain development into adolescence.
尽管支持性育儿对发展有积极影响,但支持性育儿的神经生物学基础尚未得到研究。我们从一项关于儿童发育的纵向研究中系统地选择了 33 名青少年,选择的依据是他们在儿童时期的母亲反应性(支持性育儿的一种衡量标准),以及他们是足月出生还是早产。我们使用混合模型分析来分析早产对大脑半球和区域(额、颞、顶)皮质厚度和表面积的影响,同时还考虑了大脑半球的影响(左与右)。然后,我们确定这些因素是否受儿童时期母亲反应性的调节。早产与皮质厚度和表面积的区域和半球差异有关。儿童时期母亲的反应性不一致会调节大脑半球的皮质厚度。与儿童时期母亲反应一致或不一致的青少年相比,儿童时期母亲反应不一致的青少年在青春期的大脑总体皮质厚度和皮质厚度不对称性方面表现出更大的变化。母亲反应性和早产之间没有相互作用。这些数据表明,与早产相关的大脑形态变化一直持续到青春期,并支持这样一种观点,即儿童时期母婴互动的方式会影响大脑发育到青春期。