母亲的消极表达与孩子消极情绪的体验和表达之间的关系。
The relations of mothers' negative expressivity to children's experience and expression of negative emotion.
作者信息
Valiente Carlos, Eisenberg Nancy, Shepard Stephanie A, Fabes Richard A, Cumberland Amanda J, Losoya Sandra H, Spinrad Tracy L
机构信息
Department of Family and Human Development, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ 85287 2502, USA.
出版信息
J Appl Dev Psychol. 2004 Mar 1;25(2):215-235. doi: 10.1016/j.appdev.2004.02.006.
Guided by the heuristic model proposed by Eisenberg et al. [Psychol. Inq. 9 (1998) 241], we examined the relations of mothers' reported and observed negative expressivity to children's (N = 159; 74 girls; M age = 7.67 years) experience and expression of emotion. Children's experience and/or expression of emotion in response to a distressing film were measured with facial, heart rate, and self-report measures. Children's heart rate and facial distress were modestly positively related. Children's facial distress was significantly positively related to mothers' reports of negative (dominant and submissive) expressivity; the positive relation between children's facial distress and mothers' observed negative expressivity approached the conventional level of significance. Moreover, mothers' observed negative expressivity was significantly negatively related to children's heart rate reactivity during the conflict film. The positive relation between children's reported distress and mothers' observed negative expressivity approached the conventional level of significance. Several possible explanations for the pattern of findings are discussed.
在艾森伯格等人提出的启发式模型（《心理学探究》9 (1998) 241）的指导下，我们考察了母亲报告的和观察到的消极表达性与儿童（N = 159；74名女孩；平均年龄 = 7.67岁）的情绪体验和表达之间的关系。通过面部表情、心率和自我报告测量方法，测量了儿童在观看令人痛苦的影片时的情绪体验和/或表达。儿童的心率和面部痛苦程度呈适度正相关。儿童的面部痛苦与母亲报告的消极（主导性和顺从性）表达性显著正相关；儿童面部痛苦与母亲观察到的消极表达性之间的正相关接近传统的显著水平。此外，母亲观察到的消极表达性与儿童在冲突影片期间的心率反应显著负相关。儿童报告的痛苦与母亲观察到的消极表达性之间的正相关接近传统的显著水平。文中讨论了对这一研究结果模式的几种可能解释。
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