Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010 Aug;8(8):564-77. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2403. Epub 2010 Jul 12.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a major human health problem. The bacteria that live in the gut play an important part in the pathogenesis of IBD. However, owing to the complexity of the gut microbiota, our understanding of the roles of commensal and pathogenic bacteria in establishing a healthy intestinal barrier and in its disruption is evolving only slowly. In recent years, mouse models of intestinal inflammatory disorders based on defined bacterial infections have been used intensively to dissect the roles of individual bacterial species and specific bacterial components in the pathogenesis of IBD. In this Review, we focus on the impact of pathogenic and commensal bacteria on IBD-like pathogenesis in mouse infection models and summarize important recent developments.
炎症性肠病（IBD），包括克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎，是一个主要的人类健康问题。生活在肠道内的细菌在 IBD 的发病机制中起着重要作用。然而，由于肠道微生物组的复杂性，我们对共生菌和致病菌在建立健康肠道屏障及其破坏中的作用的理解进展缓慢。近年来，基于明确细菌感染的肠道炎症性疾病的小鼠模型被广泛用于剖析个别细菌种类和特定细菌成分在 IBD 发病机制中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注致病菌和共生菌对小鼠感染模型中类似 IBD 发病机制的影响，并总结了最近的重要进展。
