Saveman Britt-Inger, Björnstig Ulf
Division of Surgery, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2011 Mar;25(1):185-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2010.00810.x.
To study the epidemiology of unintentional injuries in a population of 21,000 Swedish older adults (65+) and to compare the injury incidence with similar data collected two decades earlier.
This is a retrospective epidemiologic cross-sectional study based on a 1-year data set of all the 1753 registered injury events from a well-defined population.
The injury rate per 1000 individuals was three times higher in the 85+ age group than in the 65-74 age group. The rate was also higher in women than in men aged 75 and older. Fractures, especially on lower and upper extremities, were the most common injuries. Falls in residential care facilities caused the most serious injuries. In transport areas, pedestrian falls and bicyclist crashes were much more common than car crashes. Of the 1753 people injured, 42% were treated as inpatients for a total of 11,569 days; 86% of these days were caused by injury events in the home (57%) or in residential care facilities (29%). Our 65+ age group occupied 69% of all hospital bed-days for trauma in all ages (0-102 years).
Over the last two decades, the injury and fracture rate per 1000 individuals has increased by 40-50%, especially in the older age groups. During this time, the nursing strategy for older adults has changed in Sweden. As a result, more people live in their homes nowadays. This increase is distressing especially when we consider the current knowledge of preventive measures. The high number and proportion (>2/3) of inpatient trauma days for these age groups are a heavy burden for the medical sector. These facts call for more effective preventive measures, especially in the home and in residential care facilities, to minimize the negative health effects and the rising health costs.
研究21000名瑞典老年人（65岁及以上）意外伤害的流行病学情况，并将伤害发生率与二十年前收集的类似数据进行比较。
这是一项回顾性流行病学横断面研究，基于来自明确界定人群的1753起登记伤害事件的1年数据集。
85岁及以上年龄组每1000人的伤害率比65 - 74岁年龄组高三倍。75岁及以上女性的伤害率也高于男性。骨折，尤其是下肢和上肢骨折，是最常见的伤害。居住护理机构中的跌倒造成的伤害最为严重。在交通领域，行人跌倒和骑自行车者碰撞比汽车碰撞更为常见。在1753名受伤者中，42%作为住院患者接受治疗，总计11569天；其中86%的天数是由家中（57%）或居住护理机构（29%）的伤害事件导致的。我们的65岁及以上年龄组占所有年龄段（0 - 102岁）创伤住院总天数的69%。
在过去二十年中，每1000人的伤害和骨折率增加了40 - 50%，尤其是在老年人群体中。在此期间，瑞典针对老年人的护理策略发生了变化。结果，现在更多的人居家生活。这种增长令人担忧，尤其是考虑到当前预防措施的知识水平。这些年龄组住院创伤天数的高数量和高比例（>2/3）对医疗部门来说是沉重负担。这些事实要求采取更有效的预防措施，尤其是在家庭和居住护理机构中，以尽量减少对健康的负面影响和不断上升的医疗成本。
