Department of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2010 Jun 24;6:309-16. doi: 10.2147/ndt.s6371.
Tourette syndrome is a common childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by chronic tics and frequent comorbid conditions such as attention deficit disorder. Most currently used tic-suppressing drugs are frequently associated with serious adverse events. Thus, alternative therapeutic agents with more favorable side-effect profiles are being evaluated. New hypotheses and recent studies involving GABAergic system in the pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome suppose a reason for the evaluation of GABAergic drugs. Levetiracetam is a drug with an atypical GABAergic mechanism of action that might be expected to improve tics. Although trials performed to evaluate the efficacy of levetiracetam in the treatment of Tourette syndrome have provided conflicting results, it may be useful in some patients. The established safe profile of levetiracetam makes this drug an alternative for treatment if intolerance to currently used drugs appears, but additional evaluation with larger and longer duration controlled studies are necessary to assess the real efficacy in patients with Tourette syndrome.
妥瑞氏症是一种常见的儿童期起病的神经精神疾病，其特征为慢性抽搐，并常伴有注意力缺陷障碍等合并症。目前大多数用于抑制抽搐的药物常伴有严重的不良反应。因此，正在评估具有更有利的副作用特征的替代治疗药物。涉及妥瑞氏症病理生理学中 GABA 能系统的新假设和最近的研究为 GABA 能药物的评估提供了依据。左乙拉西坦是一种具有非典型 GABA 能作用机制的药物，有望改善抽搐。尽管为评估左乙拉西坦治疗妥瑞氏症的疗效而进行的试验得出了相互矛盾的结果，但它可能对某些患者有用。左乙拉西坦已确立的安全特性使其成为目前使用的药物不耐受时的替代治疗药物，但需要进行更大规模和更长时间的对照研究来评估其在妥瑞氏症患者中的真实疗效。
