F&E Services, Structure Analytics, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, 20245 Hamburg, Germany.
Contact Dermatitis. 2010 Aug;63(2):57-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2010.01708.x.
Positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde-releasers in patients co-reacting to formaldehyde are often ascribed to formaldehyde allergy. However, the formaldehyde content of patch test materials has not been investigated.
To demonstrate and quantify free formaldehyde in commercial patch test materials and in prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde releasers.
Free formaldehyde was measured by (13)C NMR Spectroscopy in (i) all formaldehyde-releasers in water available from Chemotechnique and Brial, (ii) 5 releasers in petrolatum, (iii) 12 prepared aqueous solutions of formaldehyde-releasers and (iv) water that had been in contact with petrolatum test samples.
In none of the five petrolatum test substances was free formaldehyde found. In all nine commercial aqueous patch test substances and 9 of the 12 prepared solutions, free formaldehyde was demonstrated with concentrations ranging from 0.019% to 0.37% (detection limit 0.01%). Contact of the petrolatum test samples with water resulted in the release of formaldehyde.
Most aqueous solutions of formaldehyde-releasers contain free formaldehyde. Petrolatum-based patch test materials with formaldehyde-releasers do not contain free formaldehyde, but probably start releasing it upon contact with water. Therefore, in future studies, determination of free and releasable formaldehyde may be preferable.
在对甲醛发生交叉反应的患者中，阳性斑贴试验反应常归因于甲醛过敏。然而，斑贴试验材料中的甲醛含量尚未得到调查。
证明并量化商业斑贴试验材料和甲醛释放剂的制备水溶液中的游离甲醛。
通过（13）C NMR 光谱法测量游离甲醛：（i）来自 Chemotechnique 和 Brial 的水中所有甲醛释放剂，（ii） 5 种在凡士林中的释放剂，（iii）12 种制备的甲醛释放剂水溶液和（iv）与凡士林斑贴试验样品接触过的水。
在五种凡士林测试物质中均未发现游离甲醛。在所有九种商业水性斑贴试验物质和 12 种制备的溶液中的 9 种中，均证明了游离甲醛的存在，浓度范围为 0.019%至 0.37%（检测限为 0.01%）。凡士林测试样品与水接触会导致甲醛释放。
大多数甲醛释放剂的水性溶液均含有游离甲醛。含有甲醛释放剂的凡士林基斑贴试验材料不含游离甲醛，但可能在与水接触时开始释放甲醛。因此，在未来的研究中，测定游离甲醛和可释放甲醛可能更为可取。
