探讨存在呼吸状况人群在 H1N1“猪流感”大流行方面的需求、关注点和行为：一项多中心调查和定性研究。

Exploring the needs, concerns and behaviours of people with existing respiratory conditions in relation to the H1N1 'swine influenza' pandemic: a multicentre survey and qualitative study.

机构信息

School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, UK.

出版信息

Health Technol Assess. 2010 Jul;14(34):1-108. doi: 10.3310/hta14340-01.

DOI:10.3310/hta14340-01

PMID:20630122

Abstract

BACKGROUND

People with respiratory conditions are a 'high-risk' group for H1N1 pandemic swine influenza ('swine flu'), hence they and their families may have information needs, worries and concerns regarding the condition. Health-related behaviours, including vaccination, are recommended during the pandemic; understanding uptake of these is important.

OBJECTIVES

To explore and compare information needs, worries and concerns, and health-related behaviours regarding swine flu in people with respiratory conditions and their family members.

METHODS

Mixed-methods study - cross-sectional survey (253 patients, 101 family members); one-to-one interviews (13 patients, seven family members) and focus groups (n = three groups, 30 participants). Data collected October 2009-January 2010 from hospital chest clinics (n = 7) and patient support groups (n = 10) in North West England.

RESULTS

Most patients (P) and family members (FM) wanted more information (n = 158, 62.5% P; n = 55, 54.4% FM), but few felt completely uninformed (n = 15, 5.9% P; n = 3, 3.0% FM). Most had already received information about swine flu (n = 187, 73.9% P; n = 78, 77.2% FM), mainly via a leaflet delivered to their home (n = 125, 49.4% P; n = 55, 54.5% FM). Information received was considered helpful (n = 154, 60.9% P; n = 77, 72.6% FM), but many wanted more condition-specific information (n = 141, 55.7% P; n = 60, 59.4% FM). More patients were worried (n = 147, 58.3%) than not worried (n = 99, 39.3%) about swine flu. FM were less often concerned about personal risk (n = 47, 46.6% worried) than about risk to patients (n = 76, 77.6%). Two-thirds (n = 161, 63.6% P; 65, 65.6% FM) incorrectly believed patients had increased risk of developing swine flu, but most (n = 204, 81.0% P; 89, 89.9% FM) correctly identified patients' greater risk of developing complications. Commonly adopted preventative measures were more frequent hand-washing (107, 42.8% P; 38, 37.6% FM) and greater use of sanitising hand gel (n = 100, 40.5% P; 37, 36.6% FM). In total, 212 patients (83.8%) and 69 family members (68.3%) were very/fairly likely to take up swine flu vaccination. Qualitative data mirrored survey findings.

CONCLUSIONS

Participants were generally well-informed about swine flu, but more targeted information would have been welcomed. Participants were not highly anxious about swine flu, but did recognise risks for patients. Behaviour change was modest, but in line with recommendations. Vaccination intent was high.

STUDY REGISTRATION

The study has been registered as REC/IRAS (Ref 09/H1015/76) and NIHR CSP (Ref 32483).

摘要

背景

患有呼吸道疾病的人是 H1N1 大流行猪流感（“猪流感”）的“高危”群体，因此他们及其家人可能会有关于这种疾病的信息需求、担忧和关注。在大流行期间，建议采取与健康相关的行为，包括接种疫苗；了解这些行为的接受程度很重要。

目的

探讨和比较患有呼吸道疾病的患者及其家庭成员对猪流感的信息需求、担忧和关注，以及与健康相关的行为。

方法

混合方法研究 - 横断面调查（253 名患者，101 名家属）；一对一访谈（13 名患者，7 名家属）和焦点小组（n = 3 组，30 名参与者）。2009 年 10 月至 2010 年 1 月从英格兰西北部的医院胸部诊所（n = 7）和患者支持小组（n = 10）收集数据。

结果

大多数患者（P）和家属（FM）都希望获得更多信息（n = 158，62.5% P；n = 55，54.4% FM），但很少有人觉得完全没有得到信息（n = 15，5.9% P；n = 3，3.0% FM）。大多数人已经收到了关于猪流感的信息（n = 187，73.9% P；n = 78，77.2% FM），主要是通过寄到家中的传单（n = 125，49.4% P；n = 55，54.5% FM）。收到的信息被认为是有帮助的（n = 154，60.9% P；n = 77，72.6% FM），但许多人希望获得更多针对病情的信息（n = 141，55.7% P；n = 60，59.4% FM）。更多的患者感到担忧（n = 147，58.3%）而不是不担忧（n = 99，39.3%）关于猪流感。家属对患者个人风险（n = 47，46.6% 担心）的担忧程度低于对患者的风险（n = 76，77.6%）。三分之二（n = 161，63.6% P；65，65.6% FM）的人错误地认为患者患猪流感的风险增加，但大多数（n = 204，81.0% P；89，89.9% FM）正确地认为患者患并发症的风险更大。常见的预防措施是更频繁地洗手（n = 107，42.8% P；n = 38，37.6% FM）和更频繁地使用消毒洗手液（n = 100，40.5% P；n = 37，36.6% FM）。共有 212 名患者（83.8%）和 69 名家属（68.3%）非常/相当可能接受猪流感疫苗接种。定性数据反映了调查结果。