Mary Anne McPhail Equine Performance Center, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Vet J. 2011 Jun;188(3):291-4. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.05.027. Epub 2010 Jul 17.
This study investigated the horse's contribution to tension in the reins. The experimental hypotheses were that tension in side reins (1) increases biphasically in each trot stride, (2) changes inversely with rein length, and (3) changes with elasticity of the reins. Eight riding horses trotted in hand at consistent speed in a straight line wearing a bit and bridle and three types of side reins (inelastic, stiff elastic, compliant elastic) were evaluated in random order at long, neutral, and short lengths. Strain gauge transducers (240 Hz) measured minimal, maximal and mean rein tension, rate of loading and impulse. The effects of rein type and length were evaluated using ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests. Rein tension oscillated in a regular pattern with a peak during each diagonal stance phase. Within each rein type, minimal, maximal and mean tensions were higher with shorter reins. At neutral or short lengths, minimal tension increased and maximal tension decreased with elasticity of the reins. Short, inelastic reins had the highest maximal tension and rate of loading. Since the tension variables respond differently to rein elasticity at different lengths, it is recommended that a set of variables representing different aspects of rein tension should be reported.
本研究探讨了马对缰绳张力的贡献。实验假设为：（1）侧缰在每个快步步伐中呈双相增加；（2）随缰绳长度而变化；（3）随缰绳的弹性而变化。八匹骑马在直线上以一致的速度用缰绳和马嚼子进行慢步，然后随机以长、中、短三种侧缰（无弹性、硬弹性、软弹性）进行评价。应变计（240 Hz）测量最小、最大和平均缰绳张力、加载率和冲量。使用方差分析和 Bonferroni 事后检验评估缰绳类型和长度的影响。缰绳张力呈规则的周期性波动，在每个对角站立阶段有一个峰值。在每种缰绳类型中，短缰绳的最小、最大和平均张力都较高。在中性或短长度时，最小张力随缰绳的弹性而增加，最大张力随缰绳的弹性而减小。短而无弹性的缰绳具有最大的最大张力和加载率。由于张力变量在不同长度下对缰绳弹性的反应不同，因此建议报告一组代表缰绳张力不同方面的变量。
