Rajabzadeh Mostafa, Dadras Habibollah, Mohammadi Ali
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Birjand Branch, Birjand, Iran.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2010 Dec;42(8):1829-36. doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9645-8. Epub 2010 Jul 19.
Avian leukosis viruses (ALVs) belong to Alpharetrovirus genus of the family Retroviridae that are widespread in nature. Different subgroups of ALV commonly infect egg-laying hens. They are responsible for economic losses due to both mortality and depressed performance in chickens. To investigate the presence of these viruses in chickens in Iran, 560 egg albumens were selected from different farms of Fars province, Iran. These eggs were obtained from flocks of two research centers of native fowl production (60 eggs), a broiler grandparent farm (100 eggs), three broiler breeder farms (300 eggs), and a commercial layer flock (100 eggs). Firstly, for primary screening a degenerative primer set (PU1 and PU2) were used in reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Positive cases were detected in 47 of 300 (15.7%) samples from three broiler breeders, 40 of 100 (40%) samples from commercial layer, 53 of 60 (88.3%) samples from flocks of two research centers of native fowl production, and none from the samples of broiler grandparent. Then RT-PCR was undertaken with primers PA1 and PA2 on the positive samples. RT-PCR analysis detected ALVs in two of 47 (4.3%) samples from three broiler breeders, 13 of 40 (32.5%) samples from commercial layer, and 19 of 53 (35.8%) samples from flocks of two research centers of native fowl production. The sequencing results showed that subgroup E of ALV was the most detected virus among chicken eggs and subgroup B was more prevalent in the eggs of native fowls. This is the first report of the ALV subgroup B and E in egg albumen in Iran.
禽白血病病毒（ALVs）属于逆转录病毒科甲反转录病毒属，在自然界广泛存在。ALV的不同亚群通常感染蛋鸡。它们会导致鸡的死亡率和生产性能下降，从而造成经济损失。为了调查这些病毒在伊朗鸡群中的存在情况，从伊朗法尔斯省的不同农场选取了560份蛋清样本。这些鸡蛋来自两个地方土鸡生产研究中心的鸡群（60枚鸡蛋）、一个肉鸡祖代场（100枚鸡蛋）、三个肉鸡育种场（300枚鸡蛋）和一个商品蛋鸡群（100枚鸡蛋）。首先，在逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）中使用一对简并引物（PU1和PU2）进行初步筛查。在来自三个肉鸡育种场的300份样本中有47份（15.7%）检测呈阳性，来自商品蛋鸡群的100份样本中有40份（40%）检测呈阳性，来自两个地方土鸡生产研究中心鸡群的60份样本中有53份（88.3%）检测呈阳性，而来自肉鸡祖代场的样本均未检测到阳性。然后，对阳性样本使用引物PA1和PA2进行RT-PCR。RT-PCR分析在来自三个肉鸡育种场的47份样本中有2份（4.3%）检测到ALVs，来自商品蛋鸡群的40份样本中有13份（32.5%）检测到ALVs，来自两个地方土鸡生产研究中心鸡群的53份样本中有19份（35.8%）检测到ALVs。测序结果表明，ALV-E亚群是在鸡蛋中检测到最多的病毒，而B亚群在地方土鸡的鸡蛋中更为普遍。这是伊朗首次关于蛋清中检测到ALV-B和ALV-E亚群的报告。
