Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, China.
Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Mar 25;12:858953. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.858953. eCollection 2022.
Autophagy is a process of degradation to maintain cellular homeostatic by lysosomes, which ensures cellular survival under various stress conditions, including nutrient deficiency, hypoxia, high temperature, and pathogenic infection. Xenophagy, a form of selective autophagy, serves as a defense mechanism against multiple intracellular pathogen types, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Recent years have seen a growing list of animal viruses with autophagy machinery. Although the relationship between autophagy and human viruses has been widely summarized, little attention has been paid to the role of this cellular function in the veterinary field, especially today, with the growth of serious zoonotic diseases. The mechanisms of the same virus inducing autophagy in different species, or different viruses inducing autophagy in the same species have not been clarified. In this review, we examine the role of autophagy in important animal viral infectious diseases and discuss the regulation mechanisms of different animal viruses to provide a potential theoretical basis for therapeutic strategies, such as targets of new vaccine development or drugs, to improve industrial production in farming.
自噬是溶酶体通过降解来维持细胞内环境稳定的过程，它确保了细胞在各种应激条件下的存活，包括营养缺乏、缺氧、高温和病原感染。异噬作用，一种选择性自噬的形式，是针对多种细胞内病原体类型的防御机制，如病毒、细菌和寄生虫。近年来，越来越多的动物病毒具有自噬机制。尽管自噬与人类病毒之间的关系已经被广泛总结，但在兽医领域，特别是在今天严重的人畜共患病不断增长的情况下，人们对这种细胞功能的作用关注甚少。同一病毒在不同物种中诱导自噬的机制，或不同病毒在同一物种中诱导自噬的机制尚未阐明。在这篇综述中，我们研究了自噬在重要的动物病毒性传染病中的作用，并讨论了不同动物病毒的调控机制，为新疫苗开发或药物等治疗策略提供了潜在的理论依据，以提高农业生产中的工业生产。
