Instituto de Microbiología Bioquímica, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca and Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Yeast. 2010 Aug;27(8):521-30. doi: 10.1002/yea.1779.
The cell division programme included in each cell specifies that, after anaphase, cytokinesis completes the process of producing two cells. With the exception of plant cells, whose peculiarities are out of the scope of this review, in all eukaryotic cells the cleavage furrow that forms late in anaphase bisects the mitotic spindle. Ingression of the furrow and the consequent synthesis of the new membrane are driven by a cortical actomyosin contractile ring (AMR or CAR). The complete contraction of this ring leads to cell separation. While this process is sufficient for cell separation in animal cells, fungal cells are surrounded by a cell wall structure, whose continuity must be maintained to preserve cell integrity during cytokinesis. This maintenance requires the production of a specialized region of the fungal cell wall called the septum, which physically separates mother and daughter cells. Throughout this review, we shall try to highlight the different molecular cues involved in septum formation in yeast, from the initial site selection to the final action of hydrolytic enzymes that produce cell separation.
细胞分裂程序包含在每个细胞中，规定在后期之后，胞质分裂完成产生两个细胞的过程。除了植物细胞，其特殊性不在本综述的范围内，在所有真核细胞中，在后期后期形成的分裂沟将有丝分裂纺锤体一分为二。沟的内陷和新膜的合成是由皮质肌动球蛋白收缩环（AMR 或 CAR）驱动的。这个环的完全收缩导致细胞分离。虽然这个过程足以使动物细胞分离，但真菌细胞被细胞壁结构包围，在胞质分裂过程中必须保持细胞壁结构的连续性以维持细胞完整性。这种维持需要产生真菌细胞壁的一个特殊区域，称为隔膜，它将母细胞和子细胞物理分开。在本综述中，我们将尝试强调酵母中隔膜形成涉及的不同分子线索，从最初的位点选择到产生细胞分离的水解酶的最终作用。
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