美国各城市流感疫苗接种策略相同，但结果却不同？
Same influenza vaccination strategies but different outcomes across US cities?
机构信息
University of Pittsburgh, Department of Economics, Pennsylvania, USA.
出版信息
Int J Infect Dis. 2010 Sep;14(9):e792-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.2267.
OBJECTIVES
This research aimed to determine if the same influenza vaccination strategies would have the same level of effectiveness when applied to two different US metropolitan areas, Miami and Seattle, where the composition of the population differs significantly in age distribution and household size distribution.
METHODS
We used an individual-based network modeling approach in which every pair of individuals connected in the social network is represented. Factorial design experiments were performed to estimate the impact of age-targeted vaccination strategies to control the transmission of a 'flu-like' virus.
RESULTS
The findings showed that: (1) age composition of the city matters in determining the effectiveness of a vaccination strategy and (2) vaccinating school children outperforms every other strategy.
CONCLUSIONS
The most significant policy implication of this research is that there may not be a universal vaccination strategy that works across all cities with the same level of effectiveness. Secondly, given the important role of school children in the transmission of influenza, the US Government should consider the vaccination of school children a top priority.
目的
本研究旨在确定在两个不同的美国大都市（迈阿密和西雅图）中应用相同的流感疫苗接种策略是否具有相同的效果，这两个城市的人口在年龄分布和家庭规模分布方面存在显著差异。
方法
我们使用了基于个体的网络建模方法，其中每个连接在社交网络中的个体都被表示。进行了析因设计实验来估计针对年龄的疫苗接种策略对控制“流感样”病毒传播的影响。
结果
研究结果表明：（1）城市的年龄构成在确定疫苗接种策略的效果方面很重要；（2）为学童接种疫苗比其他任何策略都更有效。
结论
本研究的最重要政策意义是，可能没有一种普遍有效的疫苗接种策略适用于所有城市。其次，鉴于学童在流感传播中的重要作用，美国政府应考虑将为学童接种疫苗作为头等大事。
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