University of Minnesota, Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, 164 Pillsbury Drive SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2010 Oct;53(5):1334-48. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2010/09-0125). Epub 2010 Jul 19.
In this study, the authors examined the expressive language abilities of a subset of highly verbally expressive adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome (DS) and those with fragile X syndrome (FXS) for evidence of syndrome-related differences. FXS gender differences were also examined in an exploratory fashion.
The authors evaluated 24 adolescents and young adults with DS, 17 adolescents and young adults with FXS, and 21 children with typical development (TD), with the groups matched on nonverbal mental age. Language ability was examined using the Oral and Written Language Scales (OWLS; Carrow-Woolfolk, 1995) and Developmental Sentence Scoring (DSS; Lee, 1974) scores derived from an oral narrative language sample.
Study analyses revealed the following group differences: The FXS group outperformed the DS and TD groups on the OWLS measure; the TD group outperformed both other groups on some of the DSS measures; the FXS group outperformed the DS group on the DSS Sentence Point measure; and females with FXS outperformed males with FXS on several measures.
Results contribute to the ongoing construction of the language phenotypes of individuals with DS and individuals with FXS and support the conclusion that there are quantitative rather than qualitative differences in their expressive language profiles.
在这项研究中，作者研究了一组表达能力较强的唐氏综合征（DS）和脆性 X 综合征（FXS）青少年和年轻成人的表达性语言能力，以寻找与综合征相关的差异证据。作者还以探索性的方式研究了 FXS 的性别差异。
作者评估了 24 名唐氏综合征青少年和年轻成人、17 名脆性 X 综合征青少年和年轻成人以及 21 名具有典型发育（TD）的儿童，这些组在非言语智力年龄上相匹配。使用口头和书面语言量表（OWLS；Carrow-Woolfolk，1995）和发育性句子评分（DSS；Lee，1974）对语言能力进行评估，这些评分是从口头叙述语言样本中得出的。
研究分析显示了以下组间差异：FXS 组在 OWLS 测量中优于 DS 组和 TD 组；TD 组在一些 DSS 测量中优于其他两组；FXS 组在 DSS 句子点测量中优于 DS 组；FXS 组中的女性在几个测量中优于 FXS 组中的男性。
结果有助于构建唐氏综合征患者和脆性 X 综合征患者的语言表型，并支持这样的结论，即他们的表达性语言特征存在数量上的差异，而不是质量上的差异。
