Granville-Garcia Ana F, Vieira Itala Tarciane de Almeira, Siqueira Maria J Pereira da Silva, de Menezes Valdenice Aparecida, Cavalcanti Alessandro Leite
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil.
Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2010;23(1):47-52.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental trauma in children aged 1 to 5 years old and its associated factors (gender, age group, malocclusion and labial-closing), interviewing parents and guardians for additional information on the trauma occurrence. A transversal study of 820 preschool children from the City of Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil was conducted. Data were collected by means of a clinical examination and a structured interview. The statistical analysis included a distribution of frequencies, a bi- and a multi-variate analysis at a significance level of 5%. Trauma prevalence was 20.1%, tooth 61 was the most often affected, and enamel fractures followed by the fractures of the enamel and the dentine were the most frequent alterations. Trauma prevalence was highest in 3- to 5-year-old males with malocclusion (open bite and protrusion) (p < 0.05). According to most parents and/or guardians, the most usual etiology was falling and the place most often cited was home. All the variables studied, except for lip coverage, were associated with dental trauma. The outcome of the present study showed high prevalence of dental trauma in a pediatric population under the age of 5 years. Falls and accidental collisions were the etiological factors most often cited. The front upper incisors were the teeth most often affected, and enamel fracture was the trauma most often observed.
本研究旨在评估1至5岁儿童牙外伤的患病率及其相关因素（性别、年龄组、错牙合及唇闭合情况），通过询问父母及监护人获取有关外伤发生的更多信息。对来自巴西伯南布哥州卡鲁阿鲁市的820名学龄前儿童进行了一项横断面研究。通过临床检查和结构化访谈收集数据。统计分析包括频率分布、双变量和多变量分析，显著性水平为5%。牙外伤患病率为20.1%，61号牙最常受累，釉质骨折其次是釉质和牙本质骨折是最常见的改变。3至5岁患有错牙合（开牙合和前突）的男性牙外伤患病率最高（p<0.05）。根据大多数父母和/或监护人的说法，最常见的病因是跌倒，最常提到的地点是家中。除唇部覆盖情况外，所有研究变量均与牙外伤有关。本研究结果显示，5岁以下儿童人群中牙外伤患病率较高。跌倒和意外碰撞是最常提及的病因。上前牙是最常受累的牙齿，釉质骨折是最常观察到的外伤。
