Sulieman Alaa Gamaleldin, Awooda Elhadi Mohieldin
Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
Int J Dent. 2018 May 24;2018:2135381. doi: 10.1155/2018/2135381. eCollection 2018.
Traumatic dental injury (TDI) is a challenging public health problem. Its incidence and prevalence vary within countries, states, and different social groups.
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries in primary incisors among 3-5-year-old Sudanese preschool children and associated factors such as age, sex, and size of overjet and anterior open bite.
Descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 600 preschool children (3-5 years old) selected by multistage cluster technique from preschools located in Khartoum city, Sudan. The data regarding age, sex, causes, and treatment of TDI were collected from the mothers through structured interview questionnaire. Children were examined in an upright position, using mouth mirror and torch. A single examiner assessed the type of trauma, the tooth involved, and overbite/overjet. The data were analyzed statistically through descriptive analysis, and the chi-square test was used to compare between different variables with < 0.05.
The prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) was 18.5%. Enamel fractures were the most common type (74.8%), followed by enamel and dentin (11.7%). The maxillary central incisors were the most commonly affected teeth, and the home was most common place for TDI. The prevalence rate was 45% in boys and 55% in girls with a statistically significant difference (=0.02).
The prevalence of traumatic dental injuries to the primary anterior teeth among the Sudanese preschool children was relatively high (18.5%). Factors such as overjet size, overbite size, and lip competency were not significantly correlated with dental trauma among the studied population.
创伤性牙损伤（TDI）是一个具有挑战性的公共卫生问题。其发病率和患病率在不同国家、州和不同社会群体中有所不同。
本研究的目的是确定苏丹3至5岁学龄前儿童乳前牙创伤性牙损伤的患病率以及相关因素，如年龄、性别、覆盖和前牙开合的大小。
采用多阶段整群抽样技术，从苏丹喀土穆市的幼儿园中选取600名3至5岁的学龄前儿童进行描述性横断面研究。通过结构化访谈问卷从母亲那里收集有关TDI的年龄、性别、原因和治疗的数据。让儿童直立位，使用口镜和手电筒进行检查。由一名检查者评估创伤类型、受累牙齿以及覆合/覆盖情况。通过描述性分析对数据进行统计学分析，并使用卡方检验比较不同变量，P<0.05。
创伤性牙损伤（TDIs）的患病率为18.5%。釉质骨折是最常见的类型（74.8%），其次是釉质和牙本质（11.7%）。上颌中切牙是最常受累的牙齿，家庭是TDI最常见的发生场所。男孩的患病率为45%，女孩为55%，差异有统计学意义（P = 0.02）。
苏丹学龄前儿童乳前牙创伤性牙损伤的患病率相对较高（18.5%）。在所研究的人群中，覆盖大小、覆合大小和唇功能等因素与牙外伤没有显著相关性。
