适应低温的分子适应机制：“组学”技术的影响。

Molecular adaptations to psychrophily: the impact of 'omic' technologies.

机构信息

Institute for Microbial Biotechnology and Metagenomics, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa.

出版信息

Trends Microbiol. 2010 Aug;18(8):374-81. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2010.05.002. Epub 2010 Jun 18.

DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2010.05.002

PMID:20646925

Abstract

The ability of cold-adapted microorganisms (generally referred to as psychrophiles) to survive is the result of molecular evolution and adaptations which, together, counteract the potentially deleterious effects of low kinetic energy environments and the freezing of water. These physiological adaptations are seen at many levels. Against a background of detailed comparative protein structural analyses, the recent surge of psychrophile proteome, genome, metagenome and transcriptome sequence data has triggered a series of sophisticated analyses of changes in global protein composition. These studies have revealed consistent and statistically robust changes in amino acid composition, interpreted as evolutionary mechanisms designed to destabilise protein structures, as well as identifying the presence of novel genes involved in cold adaptation.

摘要

适应寒冷环境的微生物（通常被称为嗜冷菌）具有生存能力，这是分子进化和适应的结果，这些适应共同抵消了低动能环境和水冻结的潜在有害影响。这些生理适应可以在多个层面上看到。在详细的比较蛋白质结构分析的背景下，最近嗜冷菌蛋白质组、基因组、宏基因组和转录组序列数据的激增，引发了一系列对全球蛋白质组成变化的复杂分析。这些研究揭示了氨基酸组成的一致和统计学上可靠的变化，这些变化被解释为旨在使蛋白质结构不稳定的进化机制，同时也确定了参与冷适应的新基因的存在。