Ji Jiaoyang, Escobar Maia, Cui Shijia, Zhang Wei, Bao Changjie, Su Xuhan, Wang Gang, Zhang Sitong, Chen Huan, Chen Guang
College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130022, China.
Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Microorganisms. 2024 May 24;12(6):1059. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12061059.
The lack of efficient ways to dispose of lignocellulosic agricultural residues is a serious environmental issue. Low temperatures greatly impact the ability of organisms to degrade these wastes and convert them into nutrients. Here, we report the isolation and genomic characterization of a microbial consortium capable of degrading corn straw at low temperatures. The microorganisms isolated showed fast cellulose-degrading capabilities, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and the weight loss in corn straw. Bacteria in the consortium behaved as three diverse and functionally distinct populations, while fungi behaved as a single population in both diversity and functions overtime. The bacterial genus and the fungal genus had prominent roles in the microbial consortium, showing significant lignocellulose waste-degrading functions. Bacteria and fungi present in the consortium contained high relative abundance of genes for membrane components, with amino acid breakdown and carbohydrate degradation being the most important metabolic pathways for bacteria, while fungi contained more genes involved in energy use, carbohydrate degradation, lipid and fatty acid decomposition, and biosynthesis.
缺乏处理木质纤维素农业残余物的有效方法是一个严重的环境问题。低温极大地影响了生物体降解这些废物并将其转化为养分的能力。在此，我们报告了一个能够在低温下降解玉米秸秆的微生物群落的分离及基因组特征。通过扫描电子显微镜和玉米秸秆重量损失证实，分离出的微生物具有快速降解纤维素的能力。群落中的细菌表现为三个不同且功能各异的群体，而真菌在多样性和功能方面随时间推移表现为单一群体。细菌属和真菌属在微生物群落中发挥着重要作用，显示出显著的木质纤维素废物降解功能。群落中的细菌和真菌含有相对丰度较高的膜成分基因，氨基酸分解和碳水化合物降解是细菌最重要的代谢途径，而真菌含有更多参与能量利用、碳水化合物降解、脂质和脂肪酸分解以及生物合成的基因。
