Scientific Research Centre, Iran bSchool of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran cPhysiology Research Centre, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
J Hypertens. 2010 Aug;28(8):1620-9. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32833a38f2.
Assessing hypertension prevalence, treatment and control by sociodemographic factors in Iran.
We analyzed data from the 2006 National Surveillance of Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases of Iran with a population-based sample of almost 30,000 people aged 15-64 years. Multiple logistic regression models were used to explore differences in hypertension prevalence, treatment and control, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, comorbidities and behavioral factors.
Hypertension prevalence was 17.37%. Among hypertensive patients, 33.35% were under treatment, and, among treated people, 35.10% had hypertension controlled. In multiple-regression analysis, age, male sex, low level of education, Kurd ethnicity, overweight and obesity, diabetes mellitus, lower level of physical activity and high-Human Development Index provinces were independently associated with higher prevalence of hypertension. Income and living in rural or urban area were not related to hypertension prevalence. Treatment rates were lower in men, younger people and people of low education and low income, but there were no treatment rate disparities connected to living area, ethnicity and provinces (by Human Development Index). In addition, diabetic patients, obese people and past daily smokers had higher treatment rates. Lower control rates were independently associated with male sex, higher age and lower education, but not with other variables.
In Iran, there is comparatively higher prevalence of hypertension among people of Kurdish ethnicity, people of low education and in high-Human Development Index provinces; a lower treatment rate among men, younger people, people of low education and low income; and a lower control rate among men and people of low education. These disparities should be addressed by researchers and health policy makers.
评估伊朗社会人口因素对高血压患病率、治疗和控制的影响。
我们分析了 2006 年伊朗非传染性疾病危险因素全国监测的数据，该监测采用了基于人群的样本，涉及近 30000 名年龄在 15-64 岁之间的人群。采用多因素逻辑回归模型，调整社会人口因素、合并症和行为因素后，探讨高血压患病率、治疗和控制的差异。
高血压患病率为 17.37%。在高血压患者中，33.35%正在接受治疗，而在接受治疗的人群中，35.10%的高血压得到了控制。在多因素回归分析中，年龄、男性、低教育程度、库尔德族裔、超重和肥胖、糖尿病、低水平体力活动和高人类发展指数省份与高血压患病率的升高独立相关。收入和居住在农村或城市地区与高血压患病率无关。男性、年轻人和受教育程度低、收入低的人群治疗率较低，但治疗率与居住地区、种族和省份（按人类发展指数划分）无关。此外，糖尿病患者、肥胖者和过去每天吸烟的人治疗率更高。较低的控制率与男性、较高的年龄和较低的教育程度独立相关，但与其他变量无关。
在伊朗，库尔德族裔、受教育程度较低和人类发展指数较高的省份高血压患病率较高；男性、年轻人、受教育程度较低和收入较低的人群治疗率较低；男性和受教育程度较低的人群控制率较低。研究人员和卫生政策制定者应解决这些差异。
