Whitmore Catherine
University of Liverpool.
Br J Nurs. 2010;19(14):880, 882-6. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2010.19.14.49041.
There are approximately 2.5 million people in the UK with diabetes; 85-95% of whom have type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. As approximately 90% of people with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese, obesity is seen as a significant contributory factor in its development. This article aims to examine some of the physiological mechanisms by which overweight and obesity contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes, and review some of the approaches to managing overweight and obesity in the person with established type 2 diabetes, including dietary management, the use of reduced carbohydrate diets on glycamic control, anti-diabetes and anti-obesity drugs both in use and in development, and bariatric surgery.
英国约有250万人患有糖尿病；其中85%至95%为2型糖尿病患者。2型糖尿病的特征是胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素分泌受损。由于约90%的2型糖尿病患者超重或肥胖，肥胖被视为其发病的一个重要促成因素。本文旨在探讨超重和肥胖导致2型糖尿病发病的一些生理机制，并回顾一些针对已确诊2型糖尿病患者管理超重和肥胖的方法，包括饮食管理、采用低碳水化合物饮食对血糖的控制、正在使用和研发中的抗糖尿病及抗肥胖药物，以及减肥手术。
