Pickens R W, Svikis D S
Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224.
J Addict Dis. 1991;10(1-2):205-13. doi: 10.1300/J069v10n01_14.
The importance of clinical studies to genetic research on substance abuse is discussed. This paper compares the advantages and limitations of methods employed in clinical studies to those employed in animal studies. It stresses the complementary nature of human and animal studies for improving our understanding of genetic influences in substance abuse. Finally, it reviews findings from adoption and twin studies of substance abuse. Whereas much is known about genetic influences in human alcoholism, relatively little is known about genetic influences in other types of drug abuse. This disparity is directly related to the amount of research that has been conducted in the two areas over the past several years.
本文讨论了临床研究对药物滥用基因研究的重要性。本文比较了临床研究中所采用方法与动物研究中所采用方法的优缺点。强调了人类和动物研究在增进我们对药物滥用中基因影响的理解方面的互补性。最后，回顾了药物滥用的收养研究和双胞胎研究的结果。虽然我们对人类酒精中毒的基因影响了解很多，但对其他类型药物滥用的基因影响却知之甚少。这种差异与过去几年在这两个领域所开展的研究数量直接相关。
