Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie-UMR CNRS IPREM 5254, Université de Pau, BP1155, 64013 Pau Cedex, France.
Microb Ecol. 2010 Aug;60(2):394-405. doi: 10.1007/s00248-010-9721-7. Epub 2010 Jul 22.
Bacterial communities inhabiting coastal sediments are subjected to oil spills. In order to examine the early structural response of a complex bacterial community to oil pollution, a kinetic study of the crude oil impact on bacterial communities inhabiting sediments from the contaminated Etang-de-Berre lagoon was performed. The sediments were maintained in slurries in presence or absence of crude oil and the kinetic study was carried out 14 days. During this period, 54% of crude oil was biodegraded showing the importance of the early degradation step. The metabolically active community (16S rRNA transcript analysis) was immediately impacted by the oil input, observed as an apparent decrease of species richness in the first hour of incubation. Nevertheless, this shift was quickly reversed, highlighting a fast, adaptative and efficient response of the metabolically active bacterial population. The high proportion of sequences related to hydrocarbonoclastic strains or petroleum-associated clones in active oiled community was consistent with significant increasing numbers of cultivable hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria at the end of the experiment. We concluded that "Etang-de-Berre" bacterial communities inhabiting oiled sediments for decades adopted a specific structure depending on oil presence and were able to face hydrocarbon contamination quickly and efficiently.
栖息在沿海沉积物中的细菌群落受到了石油泄漏的影响。为了研究复杂细菌群落对石油污染的早期结构响应，我们对栖息在受污染的埃唐德布雷泻湖沉积物中的细菌群落进行了一项关于原油影响的动力学研究。在存在或不存在原油的情况下，将沉积物保持在泥浆中，并进行了 14 天的动力学研究。在此期间，54%的原油被生物降解，表明早期降解步骤的重要性。代谢活跃的群落（16S rRNA 转录分析）立即受到石油输入的影响，在孵育的第一个小时观察到物种丰富度明显下降。然而，这种转变很快得到了逆转，突出了代谢活跃的细菌种群的快速、适应性和高效响应。在活跃的受油社区中与烃类降解菌或石油相关克隆相关的序列比例很高，这与实验结束时可培养的烃类降解菌数量的显著增加是一致的。我们得出结论，“埃唐德布雷”栖息在含油沉积物中的细菌群落几十年来根据石油的存在形成了特定的结构，并能够快速有效地应对碳氢化合物污染。
