Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064-3095, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2010 Sep;33(9):391-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2010.06.003. Epub 2010 Jul 23.
Activation of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the nucleus accumbens is critical for goal-directed behaviors including cocaine seeking. Studies in cocaine-experienced rodents have revealed three major categories of neuroadaptations that influence the ability of glutamate inputs to activate MSNs: changes in synaptic AMPA receptor levels, changes in extracellular non-synaptic glutamate levels and changes in MSN intrinsic membrane excitability. Most studies have focused on one of these adaptations. This review will consider the possibility that they are causally related and speculate about how time-dependent changes in their interactions may regulate MSN output during early and late withdrawal from repeated cocaine exposure.
中脑边缘多巴胺系统（mesolimbic dopamine system）中的中等棘突神经元（medium spiny neurons，MSNs）的激活对目标导向行为至关重要，包括可卡因寻求。可卡因暴露经验的啮齿动物研究揭示了影响谷氨酸输入激活 MSNs 的能力的三种主要的神经适应类别：突触 AMPA 受体水平的变化、细胞外非突触谷氨酸水平的变化和 MSN 内在膜兴奋性的变化。大多数研究都集中在这些适应中的一种上。本综述将考虑它们是否存在因果关系，并推测它们相互作用的时变如何在反复可卡因暴露后的早期和晚期戒断期间调节 MSN 的输出。
